Pseudoephedrine
- 90-82-4
- 345-78-8 (hydrochloride)
- 7460-12-0 ( sulfate)
R01BA02
Colorless crystals
Sympathomimetic
Indirect sympathomimetic
10.252
Attention
500 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, oral)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Pseudoephedrine is a phenylethylamine alkaloid from plants of the genus Ephedra ( Ephedra vulgaris), which is also in the Indian mallow ( Sida cordifolia ) and in the Asian Tüpfelmohn ( Roemeria refracta ) occurs. Pseudoephedrine is an indirect sympathomimetic agent which falls as the diastereomer of ephedrine in the range of stimulants and often is used as a sympathomimetic in cold medicine use.
Pharmacology
Pseudoephedrine causes mainly in the periphery a release of catecholamines and prevents its reuptake into the presynaptic terminal. Thus it works vasoconstrictor and can colds and allergies decongest the nasal mucosa. However, it is a locally applied direct sympathomimetic (agonist of alpha -1 -adrenoceptors ) as inferior xylometazoline. The plasma half -life is approximately 9-16 hours.
Known side effects when taking include palpitations, increased blood pressure, restlessness, insomnia and anxiety to hallucinations.
On January 7, 2014, the Chinese Global Times reported, after a drug raid in the town of Lufeng that was extracted from the prescription drug ContacNT the British pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline ( GSK) pseudoephedrine to make the drug methamphetamine ( " crystal meth " ) from it.
Doping
Because pseudoephedrine is commonly found in cold medicine, it was - formerly included in the prohibited list of the IOC - deleted from this again in 2002. The most famous case of doping with pseudoephedrine concerned the Romanian gymnast Andreea Răducan who had to return her gold medal at the Olympic Games in 2000, because she had taken a drug before a competition, which contained pseudoephedrine. At a doping test results taking pseudoephedrine, similar to ephedrine, to a positive test result. Since January 1, 2010 may, however again on the WADA Prohibited List.
Trade names
Rinoral, formerly Otrinol (CH)
Aerinaze (A ), aspirin complex ( D, A, CH), Benical (CH), Clarinase (A), Disofrol (CH), Fluimucil flu (CH), Panadol Antigrippine (CH), Pretuval (CH), Reactine Duo ( D) Rhinopront (D), BoxaGrippal (D)