Raden Wijaya
Raden Wijaya alias Kĕrtarājasa Jayawardhana (reigned 1293-1309 ) was the successor of the Javanese ruler Kĕrtanagara ( 1268-1292 ), who had already expanded the power of Java significantly.
Life
In 1279 the Mongols had finally subjugated the Song Empire in southern China under Kublai Khan and thus brought all of China under their control. This ruler sent 1280-1289 a series of missions to Java, but these were rejected. The Ambassador of the last mission was Kĕrtanagara even mutilate. Thereupon the Chinese emperors and Mongol Great Khan decided in 1292 to a punitive expedition. But before they landed, had become Arya Wīrarāja, the governor of Madura, along with Jayakatwang who was in Kadiri Kingdom since 1271, raised against Kĕrtanagara. After Para Raton (Book of Kings), they defeated the king and captured the royal residence Siṅgghasāri month Jyaiṣṭha the Saka year 1214 (May 19 - June 16, 1292 ), where Kĕrtanagara died. Against the winner now operated Kĕrtanagaras son Raden Wijaya, but was also defeated and fled to Madura, where he, in the valley of the Brantas landed with the support of Wīrarāja who had changed sides at the site of the future city of Majapahit. In this situation, beginning in 1293 arrived the Mongolian- Chinese fleet, the Wijaya ( Tǔhǎn Bìshéyé土 罕 必 闍 耶[ Tuan Wijaya ] according to Chinese sources ) immediately threw himself, while the fleet of Jayakatwang turned against the invaders, but was defeated. On March 3, 1293, the Chinese expeditionary army prevented the rise Jayakatwangs on Majapahit, defeated him in a bloody battle and then marched against Kadiri where Jayakatwang ( Hájǐ Kardam哈 只 葛 当) was besieged and surrendered on April 26, 1293. Wijaya returned with a Chinese escort back to Majapahit, but he massacred on May 26, 1293 then attacked with his own troops invading army in Kadiri and forced to return to their ships, which sailed again on 31 May to China and there on August 8 arrived. Thus began the history of the kingdom of Majapahit.
The new residence should have been named after the founding legend, the fact that one of the soldiers of Wijaya had become thirsty in search of a suitable location and therefore the fruit of the tree Maja - ate, but bitter ( pahit ) was. Wijaya took after the inscription of Kudadu from Saturday, September 11, 1294 as the ruler of the name Kĕrtarājasa Jayawardhana (r. 1293-1309 ) to. Well done according to the inscription of Sukamĕrta ( Penanggungan ) on Monday, October 29, 1296, in East Java, the systematic replacement of local raka and rakryan by members of the royal family and, in some cases, by members of the court. It was more than a purely symbolic act that Kĕrtarājasa already in 1295 Kāla GEMET, the oldest son of his chief consort Parameswari Tribhuwana ( he was married with four daughters of Kĕrtanagara ) crowned Prince of Kadiri.
His new policy of systematic annexation of all adjacent WATEK or DESA and its petty kings led to a series of uprisings, which were apparently successfully suppressed by Majapahit. Then he said in the inscription of Balawi from Monday, the 24th of May 1305 he was a descendant of the dynasty of Rajasa Siṅgghasāri that he had re-established in Majapahit, as a sort of a family business. In it, his son Kāla GEMET also received the official name Jayanagara.