Rapport

Rapport (Fr. " relationship, connection" ) refers to a currently trusting, supported by mutual empathic attention relationship, ie " Good contact " between two people, especially between psychotherapist and client, respectively. Hypnotist and hypnotized. The use of the term in psychology goes back to Franz Anton Mesmer ( 1734-1815 ). Pierre Janet (1859-1947) introduced him as a term to describe the relationship between hypnotist and hypnotized, Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) then extended the use of the therapist - client relationship.

Description

As people enter into contact, their verbal and nonverbal communication adapts usually unconsciously most of each other. The more positive the contact is valued by the individual, the stronger is its adaptation ( relatedness ) to the opposite.

• On the verbal level this manifests itself in the use of similar words and phrases, the same speech rate and pitch and in an adapted voice volume and rhythm.
• Nonverbal displays this in the adaptation and synchronization of gestures and facial expressions. For example, the leg and arm is mirrored, performed the same motions, and adjusted the breathing rate and rhythm. In accelerated playback, the communication resembles a dance. The ethologist Desmond Morris describes this with his concept of attitude echo.

People tend with an existing report to evaluate each other tend to be positive, to trust rather to take what is said and less critical.

The person has from birth through the ability to build rapport. The neuropsychology has found searching specialized brain structures called mirror neurons.

Application

Conversational situations

To build rapport, you can adapt sensitively and with respect to the body language of the other, ie reflect the body language. There is no imitation, no aping - because that is a flashy, exaggerated and indiscriminate copying the movements of another person, which is normally considered as an attack. It can adapt to arm movements by small hand movements, body movements in by the head movements. This is called shifted mirrors. Matching the voice is another way to take rapport. It may be the key, the speed, volume and rhythm of speech are mirrored. To adapt to the breath of the other is a very effective way to gain rapport. Some counselors and therapists reflect unconscious.

In professional relationships (eg, doctor-patient, sale or consultation ) may be a conscious manufacturing rapport advantageous for the purpose of rapid development of efficient communication. This finding also uses the NLP. The rapport is it regarded as an important element in the interpersonal communication and trained accordingly.

If you do not equalize, so this is mismatching. Mismatching, exactly the opposite of self- adaptation is a useful skill. With their help, you can, for example, end a conversation by itself triggers the "Dance of the conversation ."

Use in Hypnosis

In hypnosis, a strong rapport to achieve the trance state is necessary and also to use suggestion effectively can. With the achieved rapport, attention is bound and increases the absorption. The process can be consciously designed by pacing and leading.

• In pacing ( going along ) the hypnotist uses current circumstances and behavior and alleged emotional perceptions of the listener, which he verbally describes by certain speech patterns. These language patterns can be content to interpretations that allow the listener to find his own world of experience in the words. The aim is that the listener agrees what has been said ( internally ). With the approval of the audience builds confidence in the speaker. Nonverbal this can be supportive, a complementary body language. The hypnotist goes with and signals to the audience that he recognizes him and his needs.
• When Leading ( Run ) the hypnotist takes the leading role and can the audience when he calls because, for example, influence by his own slowed breathing in his breathing.

Pacing and leading to a circular process form until the report is made.

From rapport loss occurs when the report is completed by breaking the steady verbal and nonverbal communication. This can for example be the physical turning away from the interlocutor.

In hypnosis can suggestions that do not match current experience, needs and ways that run counter morals, absurd physical sensations, the report or its structure ( Pacing, Leading ) finish. An increased risk for such a rapport loss may for example take the ( hypnotic -based ) Trauma therapy with him. Not only, therefore, such treatment only properly trained therapists should be reserved.

The result of a loss of the repeat may be flattening of the trance, partial or complete retraction from the trance may be accompanied by confusion and bewilderment. Optionally, a rapport in hypnosis but also cancel, without the trance is terminated and the patient wakes up. In this case, it is then more difficult to recover the repeat, the Hypnosis to quit clean. A broken Repeat without getting out of the trance is over but often go after some time into a normal sleep, but may previously given suggestions remain, which would then be canceled by re- hypnosis.