Raschig–Hooker process

The Raschig - Hooker process is an industrial process for producing phenol. He was first published in 1939 by Fritz Raschig and provided an alternative to Sulfosäureverfahren and Chlorbenzoldruckverseifung dar.

The process

The first step is chlorinated benzene to chlorobenzene. This occurs at temperatures around 250 ° C in hydrochloric acid medium in the presence of oxygen. As a catalyst copper ( II) chloride is used together with aluminum hydroxide. In this step, the resulting chlorobenzene is converted by acid hydrolysis in the phenol in the second step whereby hydrogen chloride is formed back.

In the net reaction therefore only enter into benzene and oxygen.

The catalyst comprises copper (II ) chloride is reduced in the course of the reaction to the copper ( I) chloride and then re-oxidized.

The use of the hydrochloric acid used for the chlorination is temperature dependent and has a maximum at about 250 ° C. It can be achieved in this case conversions of 99.5%. Byproducts higher chlorinated benzene derivatives. The main share of these have the isomers of dichlorobenzene. Also, tri-, tetra -, penta- and hexachlorobenzene, in small amounts in descending quantity.

Swell

• Chemical- technical process
• Name reaction