Rastakhiz Party
The Rastachiz ( correctly persian حزب رستاخیز Hizb -e Rastachiz, DMG Hizb -i Rastāḫīz, Party of the Resurrection ') is a party founded on March 2, 1975 by Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in Iran, as a unit of the party according to the principle democratic centralism was designed. With the establishment of Rastachiz Party The previously existing two-party system was replaced by a one-party system.
The party has been banned since the Islamic Revolution in Iran in early 1979. It consists now in exile as a monarchist party continues to use the old Pahlavi dynasty back to the pursuit of an overcoming of the Islamic Republic in Iran.
Prehistory
In early 1957, it was stated goal Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, to establish a two-party system in Iran after the U.S. model. He therefore instructed Prime Minister Manouchehr Eghbal that he should adopt a two-party system. Prime Minister Eghbal should establish one of the two parties. While Prime Minister Eghbal called the Melliyune ( Nationalist Party ) to life, Asadollah Alam founded the Mardom Party ( People's Party). The 19th session of Parliament ended on 9 July 1960 and between the parties ensued a veritable campaign. Quite unexpectedly turned up in the election campaign of the two newly formed parties, a third political force, which reinvigorated in the politically liberal climate of the election campaign National Front. Eghbal, which has now been attacked by both the Mardom Party as well as the National Front tried to "control " the meeting held on July 19, 1960 elections. The massive electoral fraud led to equally massive protests and demonstrations. On August 3, 1960 there was even a trial of Eghbal due to election fraud. Ali Amini and Asadollah Alam also spoke of the largest election fraud by the Iranian history, prompting Prime Minister Eghbal resigned on August 7, 1960. Mohammad Reza Shah asked the newly elected MPs to return to her office because she obviously did not possess the confidence of the population. The new prime minister, Jafar Sharif - Emami was. The introduction of a two-party system was completely unsuccessful.
On December 16, 1963 by Hassan Ali Mansour, the Party of Iran Novin (New Iran) founded and rose quickly to the majority party in the parliamentary system of Iran. Founded by Asadollah Alam Mardom Party ( People's Party ) presented the minority. Both parties, the ruling Iran Novin as contained in the opposition Mardom Party supported the policy of the White Revolution of Shah Mohammad Reza. After the death of Mansur Amir Abbas Hoveyda, Prime Minister to the party.
Party's founding
The Rastachiz Party was founded in the reign of Amir Abbas Hoveyda of Prime Minister by order of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. On 2 March 1975, the Shah stated that the two-party system of Iran would not have worked as he had hoped. The ruling Iran Novin Party would not participate in other political groups in the political decision-making process. The goal is to create a political system that everyone could participate politically target. Instead of a two-party system one party system should combine the process of policy formulation in Iran. Hoveyda was when her first Secretary-General responsibility for drawing up the statutes of the party. On September 8, 1975, the founding congress of Rastachiz took place. Every citizen of Iran, who had reached the age of 18, was automatically a member, unless he did not agreed with the membership.
Political Activities
The Party had two wings, a progressive wing, which was led by Jamshid Amuzegar, and a constructive wing under the leadership of Hushang Ansary. The progressive wing stood up for a welfare system, economic balance, decentralization, and political participation, while the structural wing on economic growth, technological progress and industrialization laid the political center of gravity. The two wings should organize the formation of political opinion and discuss the proposed legislation through the parliamentary decision-making process.
The party was given after 1979 partially to blame for the fall of the monarchy because they mustered by their own activities rather apolitical Iranians against him. From the influential in Iranian society of merchants bazaars ( bazaari ) a mandatory membership was demanded. There have been complaints that in many parts of Iran, a general aggressive interference in the political, economic and religious interests of the people were who did not want to participate politically. In addition to that, the few political parties in 1975 were allowed to exist legally, the Rastachiz finally incorporated or were banned.
At the party was a youth organization. This and a special combat group of the party started in 1975 a large-scale anti - usury campaign against the bazaari that were contrary to her finally set and so made the reputation of "enemies of the state". The Shah saw the campaign as a continuation of a " cultural modernization " of Iran, which should be consistent with the principles of 1963 it has initiated the White Revolution and at the end of a modern, Western -oriented, secular Iran was the target.
The end of 1978, the autocracy of the Rastachiz ended with the introduction of the Islamic revolution. In February 1979, the Rastachiz party was finally banned. Several officials were executed, provided they were not already fled into exile.
Since the Islamic revolution, the party is trying to enter in exile with other monarchist groups for the restoration of the monarchy. Monarchist groups are strictly forbidden in Iran. But the membership draws long jail terms.