Renaud I, Count of Dammartin

Rainald I of Dammartin (franz: Renaud de Dammartin ), usually referred to in the chronicles Raynald of Boulogne ( * 1165, † 1227 ), was from 1190 to 1211, Count of Boulogne, 1200-1211 Earl of Dammartin, from 1204 to 1206 Count of Aumale and 1206-1211 Count of Mortain. He was a son of Count Aubry II of Dammartin and Mathilde de Clermont. His younger brother was Simon of Dammartin.

He was known especially for his repeated betrayal of King Philip II Augustus of France.

Life

Growing up at the French court, he was a childhood friend of the future King Philip II Augustus, but first fought - on the orders of his father - under the banner of Plantagenet. After the death of Henry II Plantagenet in 1189, the Dammartin the Crown submitted. Rainald married a cousin of the king, Marie of Châtillon, daughter of the Lord Guido II of Châtillon and Alix of Dreux.

But on the advice of King Philip II repudiated Rainald in 1190 his wife and kidnapped Ida of Alsace ( † 1216 ), daughter of Matthew of Alsace and of Mary of Blois. Ida was widowed Countess of Boulogne and twice already. Due to the forced marriage with Ida in 1191 he came into possession of Boulogne, which was a fief of the Counts of Flanders until then. Rainald but took the county as a fief directly from the king of France, who thus wanted to weaken the powerful Counts of Flanders. The separation from his first wife to Rainald had, however, made their familial attachment from your home Dreux, notably Philip Bishop of Beauvais to the enemy. They were joined also the neighboring Count of Guines, who had been previously engaged to Ida. After a feud with the Earl Hugo IV of Saint-Pol 1197 Rainald moved to the side of Richard the Lionheart ', returned to his death in 1199 but returned to the side of King Philip II back from which he was taken into favor. His friendship with the king protected him from his enemies for the time being. In 1201 he became engaged his daughter to the king's son Philip Hurepel, 1204, he received the additional county Aumale transferred, the he passed in 1206 to his brother Simon, and it was given the county of Mortain. Rainald was thus one of the most powerful men in northern France.

The feud with Bishop Philip of Beauvais, however, led in 1210 to a break with the king, Raynald had threatened before the assembled court. The king opened a Hofgerichtsverfahren against Rainald 1211 and occupied the castle of Mortain, the Rainald had fixed against a royal decree. Then the king also took Boulogne what Rainald forced along with his brother Simon to flee from France. Together with Count Ferrand of Flanders, he moved in the fall of 1213 to the court of King John Lackland to England, where they worshiped there, and so to the King of France felony ( treason ) committed.

In the spring of 1214 the traitors returned with an English army under the Earl of Salisbury to Flanders back and took the fight against France on. Raynald attacked in January 1214 Cassel and devastated the county Guines in May, then they united with the army of Emperor Otto IV and went out to meet the King of France. On July 27, 1214 came the decisive Battle of Bouvines in which Rainald led the right wing of the English - Guelph alliance. He is said to have advised against the battle because he did not want to fight on a Sunday, which he ran with his fellow Hugh of Boves in a fight.

Of the allies fought Rainald to last, even after the defeat became apparent. He was eventually as the Count of Flanders captured and first imprisoned in a dungeon in Peronne. Later he was transferred to the castle of Goulet, where he remained in prison until his death in 1227. Shortly before the regent Blanche of Castile had left the Count of Flanders free. Compared to a release Reynald she hesitated, however, since it was dependent on a good understanding with her brother Philip Hurepel, who had now taken over the possessions of his father. Supposedly, recognized the hopelessness of his pardon and committed suicide on Rainald.

Progeny

Rainald and Marie had no children; Ida of Alsace, he had a daughter:

Matilda (* 1202, † 1260 ), Countess of Boulogne, Aumale and Dammartin, ∞