Resolute Bay
Resolute Bay ( usually abbreviated just called Resolute ) is the second most northern community after Grise Fiord of the territory of Nunavut, Baffin Region, and has about 230 inhabitants (80% Inuit ). Located on the south coast of Cornwallis Island Resolute is separated into two parts - the Inuit settlement in the eastern part and the "technical" part of the West. Resolute has a well-developed, suitable also for jet aircraft runway and serves as the starting point for any kind of travel in the " High Arctic ". The area around the Cornwallis Island played in the history of the search for a Northwest Passage a significant role, and so remembers the name Resolute on one of the ships that were involved in the search for the failed Franklin expedition and abandoned here by her crew were. The Inuktitut name of the settlement is Qausuittuq, " place with no dawn ".
History
The Cornwallis Island was the settlement area as early as the time of the Thule culture, but then the island in the Little Ice Age was abandoned mentioned cold period 1550-1850 because of inhospitality. The first Europeans who came here was probably William Edward Parry in 1819. 1845 / 46 touched the John Franklin expedition the island. In the search for the missing John Franklin a whole series of expedition ships came in the aftermath over here.
As the Arctic gained growing strategic interest after the Second World War, in 1947, set up a weather station on Cornwallis Island and donning appropriate for larger military transport aircraft runway. Since the 1950s, an Arctic research station of the Polar Continental Shelf Project is maintained with the issues of Glaciology and Climate Change in the vicinity of the runway. Between 1966 and 1971, the National Research Council of Canada launched here suborbital sounding rockets; it fired a total of 17 rockets of the types Black Brant (12) and Boosted Arcas (5).
1953 enabled the federal government nine Inuit families from the communities Inukjuaq in Northern Quebec and Pond Inlet on the northern coast of Baffin Island to Resolute Bay, a still very controversial action (see also Grise Fiord ). In the early 1960s, the government established a school and introduced a residential program. 1975, initially built to a little appropriate for residential use space settlement was moved to a more favorable location, the present site of Inuit community.
Nearly 100 kilometers east of Resolute is the small, Devon Iceland upstream Beechey Island, the John Franklin and his men wintered in 1845 on his last expedition, and buried their dead first. The magnetic south pole is only about 500 kilometers, the geographic North Pole around 1,750 kilometers north of the settlement.
Tourism
Resolute Bay and Beechy Iceland are visited from time to cruise ships on the Northwest Passage.
Scientific research stations
In the vicinity of the settlement Resolute Bay research laboratories for the study of the Arctic climate and the solar wind activity, as well as a testing ground for future Mars expeditions were built.