Rezső Nyers

Rezső Nyers ( born March 21, 1923 in Budapest ) is a former Hungarian politician of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party ( MSZMP ), who was in the era Kádár 1968-1973 as the "father " of the Hungarian economic reform and 1989-1990 President of the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP ), the successor to the MSZMP was.

Life

Ascent to the Central Committee Secretary, Economic Reforms and disempowerment

Nyers, who completed an apprenticeship as a printer after school, came in 1940, first of the Social Democratic Party of Hungary in before he after their forced merger on 12 June 1948 with the Communist Party Member of the resulting party of the Hungarian Working People (Magyar Dolgozók Pártja, MDP) been. On 1 January 1950 his election was appointed Chairman of the Council of Kispest, which has since the 19th district of Budapest. In 1954 he became a member of the Central Committee ( CC) of the MDP and at the same time in 1956 for a few months Food Minister.

After the bloody suppression of the uprising and the renaming of the MDP in Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party ( Magyar Szocialista Munkáspárt ), he remained a member of the Central Committee and was also Chairman of the Government Commission for the general public.

In 1959 he was again Minister of Food, before he became in 1960 Minister of Finance as part of a reshuffle of the Cabinet of Prime Minister Ferenc Munnich on January 15, and this office also retained in the subsequent government of Prime Minister János Kádár until its replacement by Mátyás Tímár on November 27, 1962.

He then became secretary of the Central Committee of the MSZMP for Economic Affairs in November 1962, became the "father" of Hungarian economic reforms that began in early 1968. These known since May 1966 reform plans called for the conversion of production from the extensive to the intensive phase before, ie to increase the efficiency, quality improvement and adaptation to the market. At the same time he was also a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee.

After it under the influence of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( CPSU ) and its general secretary Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev came to a braking of the reform efforts 1972/73, Nyers lost its functions as Central Committee secretary and as a member of the Politburo and the Central Committee. A short time later, he was indeed reinstated as a member of the Central Committee of the MSZMP, but had in the next fifteen years, no further influence.

Return to politics and chairman of the MSZMP

Only when Károly Grósz on May 22, 1988 Term on the National Conference of the MSZMP the new Secretary General of the MSZMP and thus the successor Kádár, who had held this position since the popular uprising of 1956, Nyers was re-elected as a member of the Politburo.

Shortly thereafter, the " New March Front", an independent movement for the renewal of socialism, which lobbied for the removal of Stalinism founded. In addition, he was not only a Member of the National Assembly ( Országgyűlés ), but in this also the Chairman of the Economic Committee.

On 24 November 1988 he was appointed by Prime Minister Miklós Németh Minister of State for Economic Affairs in the Cabinet.

Nyers was then appointed on 24 June 1989 the President of the four-member Politburo of the MSZMP, which includes both him Károly Grósz, Miklós Németh and Pozsgay. He became the new party leader of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party as a successor to the former Secretary-General Grósz.

During his term of office lasting until 1990, as chairman of the party, he built up not only international contacts with other parties, but also held talks with the opposition to transition to a multiparty system. In addition, Nyers, who was a staunch supporter of the market economy, for the introduction of democratic decision-making and political opening began. He also promoted by the internal party reform policy moving away from the old concept of socialism towards the recognition west oriented human rights.

In 1990 he Gyula Horn followed as chairman of the MSZMP, as the Hungarian Socialist Party (Magyar Szocialista PART ) new up his position on 9 November 1989.

Publications

• Twenty-five questions, twenty-five responses, Budapest: Pannonia -Verlag, 1969
• Twenty Questions, twenty answers, Budapest: Pannonia -Verlag, 1970
• Experiences in the reform of the economic mechanism in Hungary, Budapest: Pannonia -Verlag, 1970
• The Hungarian reform policy, Bonn: Friedrich- Ebert -Stiftung, 1989