Richard Hertwig

Richard Wilhelm Karl Theodor Ritter von Hertwig ( born September 23, 1850 in Friedberg, † October 3, 1937 in Schlederloh ) was a German zoologist.

Life

Richard Hertwig studied medicine at the University of Jena. Under influence of Ernst Haeckel he shifted his interest more to zoology and biology. In 1872 he took his doctorate at the University of Bonn, where he worked as an assistant anatomist Max Schultze.

In 1875 he qualified as a professor in Jena in the field of zoology and became associate professor in 1878. As the successor of Franz Troschel he was appointed in 1881 to the University of Königsberg as a professor of zoology. In 1883 he moved to the same professorship at the University of Bonn, however, where he stayed only briefly, since 1885 Call of the Ludwig- Maximilians- University of Munich took place, where he remained until 1925 and as a director of the Zoological State Collection and Director of the Zoological Institute had which he developed into a center of biological science. His textbook of zoology he held from 1891 to 1931 over 15 editions to date. Beginning in 1885 as an associate member, and from 1889 as a full member Hertwig was a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. In 1909 he was admitted to the Bavarian nobility staff. Since 1910 he was a foreign member of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in Rome. In 1917, the Helmholtz Medal, he was awarded. In the same year he was one of the founding members of the anti-Semitic German Fatherland Party. In 1933 he was awarded the Peace Class of the Order pour le Mérite and after the "seizure of power " of the Nazis in 1933 as an honorary member of the German Society for Science inheritance appointed.

His pupil Otto Koehler was one of the founders of ethology in Germany.

Research

Early in his career he made many works together with his brother Oscar Hertwig. Together they developed the so-called Coelomtheorie 1881, an attempt by the declaration of the middle germ layer, the important findings made ​​in embryology. They hypothesized that develop all the organs and tissues varied from three basic tissue layers.

Hertwig worked systematically to several groups of invertebrates and completed basic work on the construction of animals. Best known are his contributions to Protozoenforschung. He was also the first of the fertilization process for the first time properly declared as a fusion of egg and sperm nucleus by means of the sea urchin.

Later, he and his children Günther and Paula nor the action of radium rays on animal germ cells.

Publications

  • For histology of radiolarians: studies on the construction and development of Sphaerozoiden and Thalassicolliden. 1876 ​​doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.14887
  • The nervous system and the sense organs of medusae. 1878
  • The Actinia. 1879 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.15278
  • Chätognathien. 1880
  • The Coelomtheorie. Attempt at an explanation of the middle germ-layer. Jena 1881
  • Textbook of zoology. Jena 1892 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.1695 8th ed - Jena: G. Fischer, 1907 Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf.
  • 9th Edition - Jena: G. Fischer, 1910 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.1683.
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