Rif Republic

The Rif Republic ( Tamazight: Tagduda n Arif, Arabic جمهورية الريف, full name Confederate Republic of the tribes of the Rif ) in 1920, before 3 Rifkrieg ( 1921-1926 ), of the under Mohammed ben Abdelkrim El Khattabi for proclaimed independence of Spanish Morocco warring tribes of the Riffs ( Berber ). The independence of the Atlas region of Spain was proclaimed on 18 September 1921, Abdelkrim as Amir al- Rif. Formally constituted the government of the new state on February 1, 1923 now with Abdelkrim as head of state ( " Ra'is ad - Dawla ' ). First Prime Minister of the Republic was Hajj Hatmi.

As the capital acted Axdir ( Ajdir ), a small town near Al Hoceima. The population of the Republic was at that time of about 150,000 people.

In 1925, a combined Franco- Spanish army was made ​​up of 250,000 men under Marshal Philippe Pétain, to subdue the Rif. After a year of struggle succeeded in smashing the Rif Republic on 27 May 1926. This despite a ban mustard gas was bubbled through the Hague Regulations used.