Roger Griffin

Roger D. Griffin ( born January 31, 1948) is a British professor of contemporary history at the Faculty of Humanities of Oxford Brookes University in England and is one of the world's most respected researchers fascism of the present.

In his fundamental monograph The Nature of Fascism (1991 ), he developed a generic term fascism and presents a hermeneutic interpretation of the origin and the rise of fascism.

Griffins fascism term

Griffin defined fascism in 1991 as a populist ultra-nationalist and a new birth ( palingenesis ) oriented ideology. " Fascism is a political ideology Whose mythic core in its various permutations is a palingenetic form of populist ultra - nationalism " Richard Thurlow said that with this definition of a " new consensus " (new consensus ) in the research on fascism could be no question.

Griffins fascism concept aims at the core elements of fascist ideology, closes aware peripheral characteristics of individual varieties of fascism and describes an ideal type. According to Griffin, the " utopian drive " of fascism, the supposed " problem of decadence " to try to solve by a " radical overhaul of the nation " or a national revolution. The nation is understood as " organic whole " and as the highest principle. The all-encompassing " rebirth " of the nation represents the " mythic core " (understood as those who own ideologies all basic idea that drives their followers ) dar. the future vision of fascism

The peculiarity of the theory of fascism Griffins, which has close ties to the works of Juan Linz, Eugen Weber, and especially George L. Mosse, Emilio Gentile, Stanley Payne and Roger Eatwell, lies in the approach, " the myth of national rebirth to the center of the specifically constructed as ideal type fascism - concept " to make ( Griffin ). What is new about the definition that Griffin, unlike definitions of fascism determined as anti-liberal, anti-communist, anti- conservative, etc., such as in Juan Linz and Stanley Payne, Fascism term here in content, so positive.

Since Griffin's definition is focused on the ideological core of fascism and initially neglected its institutional manifestations, political and social practice as well as individual historical manifestations as leader cult, paramilitaries, etc., he treats fascism as other political ideologies, so just as liberalism, socialism or conservatism. Thus, according to Griffin, a political phenomenon is also recognizable as "fascist ", " if it is only in an embryonic state in the head of ideologues and without expression of a political party, let alone a mass movement exists".

In his definition of fascism Griffin attacks the self-definitions of fascism considers its mentality and the cultural aspects of fascism and to check out the characteristics of fascism out:

With his " concise " definition, which have not passed the "Practice Test" according to Griffin's testimony, the Oxford historian relates to requirements of different researchers fascism:

Against this background, speaks Sven Reichardt from the Science Centre for Social Sciences in Berlin in the definition Griffens less of a " new consensus ", but from a " convergence thesis ". Reichardt summarizes the criticism (which is primarily formulated by German and Marxist researchers ) in the definition Griffins together, despite this convergence as a little " viable " proving to be:

Publications

  • The Nature of Fascism. London: Pinter, 1991; paperback edition: London: Routledge, 1993
  • Edited: Fascism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995
  • Hg: International Fascism: Theories, Causes, and the New Consensus. London: Arnold, 1998
  • Hg ( with Matthew Feldman ): Fascism. 5 vols London: Routledge, 2004
  • Edited: Fascism, Totalitarianism and Political Religion. London: Routledge, 2005
  • Hg ( with Werner Loh and Andreas Umland ): Fascism Past and Present, West and East. Stuttgart: ibidem- Verlag, 2006
  • Fascism 's new faces ( and new facelessness ) in the "post- fascist " period. In: Pondering - Knowledge - Ethics, Vol 15, No. 3, 2004, pp. 287-300 ( main article of Fascism Past and Present, West and East )
  • Modernism and Fascism: The Sense of a Beginning under Mussolini and Hitler. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007
  • A Fascist Century ( Essays by Roger Griffin ) ( Edited by Matthew Feldman ). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, ISBN 0-230-20518-6

Other relevant anthologies

  • Werner Loh and Wolfgang Wippermann, ed: "fascism" - controversial. Stuttgart: Lucius & Lucius, 2002
  • Cyprian Blamires, ed: World Fascism. A Historical the Encyclopedia. 2 vols Santa Barbara: ABC -CLIO, 2006

Contributions in German language

  • Roger Griffin: fascism in Europe. In: ZAG: Journal of anti-racist groups, No. 16, 1995, pp. 43-45
  • Roger Griffin: Völkischer nationalism as a pioneer and continuer of fascism: An Anglo-Saxon view of a German not only phenomenon. In: Heiko Kauffmann, Helmut Kellershohn and Jobst Paul, ed: Völkische gang. Decadence and rebirth - analysis right ideology. Münster: restlessness, 2005 ISBN 3-89771-737-9.
  • Consider - knowledge - ethics b. 15, No. 4, 2004
Palingenetic ultranationalism George Mosse Ernst Nolte Ian Kershaw
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