Romance studies
Romance or Romance Philology is the scientific study of past and present emerged from the Latin Romance languages and written in these languages literatures and cultures, in which the romanization (ie Romanization ) incurred language areas in Europe, and in the through colonization -added areas overseas, especially in America and in Africa.
Definition
In this context, one speaks of the antiquarian or the Romania Romania nova. Formerly Romanized areas where no Romance languages are spoken today - in what is now Great Britain, West Germany, the Balkans - is called Romania submersa. Basis of the Romance languages is not the written, classic, but the spoken Latin, which is traditionally called Vulgar Latin and of course that is difficult to reconstruct from written sources.
The Romance thus comprises mainly French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian, but also the smaller Romance languages such as Catalan, Galician, Occitan, Romansh, Ladin, Friulian and Sardinian. Since the definition of languages and dialects is extremely difficult, also varies in the manuals, the number of Romance languages between ten and sixteen. Doubt there is for example in the name of the Asturian, Aragonese of, the Gascon and the Corsican as own languages. The Franco- Provencal is only spoken in different dialects, but has emerged no standard language without literature. One of the topics of Romance includes the Romanesque -based creole languages .
Because of the emergence of the Romance languages , the Romance languages is considered a model of historical-comparative cultural studies: All Romance languages are daughter languages of Latin. Unlike other original languages is ( though not the Vulgar Latin ) Latin very well documented. Therefore, the employment was with the entire width of the Romance languages to the peculiarities of the University subject Romance languages , it was constituted as a historical linguistics. Outside of Germany, this model was never taken to a greater extent, in the various Latin countries to single philologies established the French, Italian, etc., but no Romance Philology. Therefore, and due to the increasing specialization of knowledge takes the original employment with all the Romance languages in the context of a discipline increasingly into the background and makes an intensive study of the Romance languages ( as a single philologies ) space. In often controversial scientific and professional policy discussions, so that the sub-subjects in Romance closer and closer to the national philology as are established in the various Latin countries, at. We also speak of Rumänistik, Italian Studies, French Studies (also: Franco- Gallo or Romance ), Hispanic and Lusitanistics. The Romance languages also contributes to Kreolistik.
The Romance is divided into two main areas: Romance Literature and Romance Linguistics. Literature and linguistics extends to a comprehensive cultural studies.
The Roman linguistics forms hypotheses about the exact process of the emergence of the Romance language family. They tried to capture the similarities and differences between the Romance languages typologically. In addition, the discipline covers the description of the Varietätengefüges ( dialects, language levels and registers ), the structure of language and history of each Romance language. In the recent past the Romanesque linguistics tries strengthened to include suggestions from the general linguistics, especially pragmatics, cognitive linguistics, as well as the syntax.