Rosa gallica

Rosa gallica

The ethyl - Rose (Rosa gallica ) is descended an important, cultivated for many centuries, robust rose variety of the many of today's garden roses. It is counted among the Old Roses.

The Gallica rose grows wild in deciduous forests and dry grasslands in Central Europe and Southern Europe and has been cultivated by the Romans as a medicinal plant for the production of perfume and rose vinegar in plantations. As a medicinal plant, it was after the fall of the Roman Empire in monastery gardens, later also planted as an ornamental in private gardens.

Description

The growth Rosa gallica is erect, shrubby, with plant height up to 1.5 m. The 50 cm up to 100 cm long shoots of Gallica Rose densely covered with different length, straight and recurved spines and stem glands. The leaves are oblong, light green, fünfzählig ( rarely ternate ).

The ethyl rose is blooming again in June. Your fragrant flowers measure 5-6 cm in diameter, are usually light red to purple in color.

System

The ethyl - Rose is the only species of Rosa section within the subgenus Rosa. In molecular genetic studies, vinegar rose comes within the clade of section Caninae to lie, but has a normal meiosis. You or an unknown / extinct closely related species may be one of the parent species of the allopolyploid Caninae species.

Varieties

The magenta variety ' Officinalis ' ( pharmacist Rose) was in the 15th century as the 'Red Rose of Lancaster ' the symbol of the House of Lancaster. Opposite her was the pink alba 'White Rose ' the noble family of the house of York.

A well-known sports ( sudden mutation) that has arisen from the variety ' Officinalis ' about 1583 is, ' Versicolor ' or 'Rosa Mundi ' and has bright crimson red and white striped flowers. The 'Rosa Mundi ' was elected to the Hall of Fame World roses 2009.

A center of the cultivation of Rosa gallica was the city of Provins near Paris, therefore it is also called Provinsrose. During the early 17th century, when there were only about a dozen different varieties of Gallica rose, the number of varieties increased by breeding in Holland and France until the early 19th century to 1000. Some popular varieties of Rosa gallica at a glance:

  • ' Aimable Rouge ', before 1800, velvet red;
  • ' Camaieux ', 1830, pink striped with white and carmine;
  • ' Cardinal de Richelieu ', 1840, violet-purple, very dark;
  • ' Charles de Mills ', before 1811, purple - crimson;
  • ' Conditorum ', introduced by Dieck (D) in 1889, magenta, " Confectioners Rose";
  • ' Duc de Guiche ', before 1810, carmine red to pink;
  • ' James Mason ', Peter Beales, 1982, burgundy, yellow stamens;
  • ' Officinalis ', before 1310, magenta, " Apothecary Rose";
  • 'Pearl of white stone ', Schwartzkopf (D) 1773, red, oldest German rose breeding;
  • ' Versicolor ', about 1583, crimson red and white striped;
  • ' Violacea ', before 1800, dark red, " La Belle sultans ";

' Charles de Mills '

' Complicata '

' Officinalis '

' Versicolor ', World Rose

Rosehip Rosa gallica ' Versicolor '

Terms of Gallica roses

In addition to its fragrance and its ornament for gardens Rosa gallica is used as a tea by pharmacists since ancient times for the production of rose oil, rose water, rose vinegar and its petals. The extract of the flowers has astringent and is used for healing in the mouth and throat, gargle, and for the treatment of poorly healing wounds used.

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