Roy Yorke Calne

Sir Roy Yorke Calne ( born December 30, 1930 in London) is a British surgeon and pioneer of organ transplantation.

Calne attended Lancing College, was educated in London at Guy's Hospital with a degree in 1953. Thereafter, he practiced one year at Guy's Hospital from 1954 to 1956 and was a surgeon in the Army ( Royal Army Medical Corps ). He then spent two years orthopedic surgeon in Oxford. He began his research on organ transplantation in 1959 at the Royal Free Hospital, where he experimentally the efficacy of immunosuppression in kidney transplantation in dogs showed (6- mercaptopurine ). 1960/61, he was a Harkness Fellow at Harvard Medical School and the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston with Joseph Murray, who in 1954 performed the first successful kidney transplant performed in humans. With Murray and George Hitchings ( Burroughs - Wellcome ), he continued there the testing of immunosuppressants, which led to the development of Imuran. On his return to England he was a lecturer in surgery at St. Mary's Hospital in London and in 1962 at Westminster Hospital. From 1965 he was professor of surgery in Cambridge. He was also consulting surgeon forming Honorary ( Honorary Consultant Surgeon ) at Addenbrooke 's Hospital in Cambridge. He developed there kidney and later liver transplantation techniques. Currently (2010) he is a professor at the National University of Singapore.

In 1977 he tested cyclosporin A ( by Jean -Francois Borel of Sandoz provided) for immunosuppression in transplantation, which was introduced in 1978 in clinical practice and has revolutionized the practice of transplantation.

As a surgeon, he led in 1968 from the first liver transplant in Europe. In 1987, he was the first who transplanted liver, heart and lungs simultaneously. In 1992 he performed the first intestinal transplant in the UK and in 1994 the first successful combined transplantation of liver, intestine, pancreas, stomach and kidneys.

In 2001 he received the King Faisal Prize for Medicine. In 1973 he was elected to the Royal Society. In 1984 he was awarded the Lister Medal ( Lister Lecture 1985: Organ transplantation from laboratory to clinic ). In 1990 he received the Ellison - Cliffe Medal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1992, the Ernst Jung Prize in Medicine and the 2012 Lasker ~ DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award. In 1986 he was knighted. He is represented by a portrait of John Bellany (1991 ) at the National Portrait Gallery and also paints itself

In addition to books on surgery as an early standard textbook of kidney transplantation (1963 ), he also wrote a book about the dangers of overpopulation ( Too many people).

Writings

  • Gift of Life. Observations on organ transplant, Basic Books 1970
  • A gift of life, German Foundation for Organ Transplantation, Neu Isenburg 1992 ( with illustrations of paintings of Calne on the occasion of a traveling exhibition in Germany )
  • With Harold Ellis Lecture Notes on General Surgery, 12th edition, Blackwell Publishing 2011
  • The ultimate poison. The story of Britain's premier transplant surgeon, London, Headline 1998
  • Renal transplantation in one, London, Arnold 1963
  • Colour Atlas of Renal Transplantation, Mosby 1984
  • A Colour Atlas Of Surgical Anatomy Of The Abdomen, Mosby, 1988
  • Colour Atlas of Liver Transplantation, 1985
  • Publisher Immunological aspects of transplantation chirurgy, Wiley 1973
  • Publisher transplantation immunology - clinical and experimental, Oxford University Press 1984
  • Publisher Liver transplantation. The Cambridge - King's College Hospital experience, New York 1983
  • Publisher Clinical organ transplant, Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publ, 1971
  • Too many people, London, Calder Publications 1994
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