Ruslan Khasbulatov

Ruslan Khasbulatov Imranowitsch (Russian Руслан Имранович Хасбулатов; born November 22, 1942 in Grozny, Chechnya ) is a Russian politician and professor of economics.

He was from 1991 to 1993 Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation ( Parliament Speaker ). In the Russian constitutional crisis 1993, he was next to the Vice- President Alexander Rutskoi the main opponents of Russian President Boris Yeltsin.

Childhood

Khasbulatov is Chechen. During the forced displacement of hundreds of thousands of Chechens during the Second World War Chasbulatows family was deported from the North Caucasus to Kazakhstan.

Training

In the capital of the Kazakh SSR, Alma- Ata, Almaty today, Khasbulatov began studying economics. After a change to the Moscow State University, he finished his studies there in 1965, habilitation in 1970, and was the late seventies at the Plekhanov Academy of Economics Moscow and the Moscow Institute of Economics Professor of Economics.

Policy

In 1966 Khasbulatov the CPSU at.

For the election of 1500 members strong 1st Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation in 1990 Khasbulatov won a mandate. In June, the People's Deputies elected him to the Supreme Soviet of Russia. Yeltsin was elected chairman of the Supreme Soviet ( Parliament Speaker ) elected Khasbulatov to one of his deputies. In the conservative People's Congress Khasbulatov was initially a confidant Yeltsin. After the victory of Yeltsin in the Russian presidential election in June, 1991 Khasbulatov applied as Yeltsin's successor for the office of President of Parliament, fell by more than one ballot, but reached after the August coup in Moscow, the necessary majority.

Khasbulatov came as parliament speaker increasingly common in contrast to the President. He advocated a strong role of the state and a slower introduction of the market economy. From the Russian economic downturn in mid-1992 (annual inflation of 2,500 percent) escalated the power struggle between Yeltsin and Khasbulatov. Khasbulatov sat at the 7th Congress of People's Deputies in 1992 Gazprom CEO Chernomyrdin as prime minister by - against Yeltsin's favorite, the reformer Gaidar. From Chasbulatows experiments, the rights and the power of the President to curtail further, slowly developed a public and constitutional crisis.

Constitutional crisis in 1993

The special powers granted in previous congresses to the president for economic reforms were overturned by the 8th Congress in 1993. Yeltsin began in 1993 a popular referendum on the economic policies of the President against Khasbulatov by that he won with 58.1 % of votes. Yeltsin saw as soon as possible to adopt a new Constitution in this vote, the order of the citizens. In the same year, Yeltsin appointed against the resistance Chasbulatows a constitutional conference of all social forces. Khasbulatov denied the legitimacy of the Constituent Assembly, took her part, but was prevented from doing so to speak. Yeltsin dissolved on 21 September to the Supreme Soviet and the Congress of People's Deputies and announced for 12 December to early elections and a vote on the new constitution. Khasbulatov, Rutskoi and another 100 remote deputies of People's Deputies Congress saw in the resolution a coup and opposed Yeltsin. They declared Yeltsin deposed, appointed by Yeltsin suspended the Vice President as Acting President Rutskoi and barricaded themselves on 3rd October at the White House in Moscow, the Parliament building. Yeltsin had to storm the building on October 4 with a tank attack and elite units. Khasbulatov was arrested on charges of treason and accuse of incitement to mass disorder. When fighting in Moscow more than 120 people were killed.

In the elections to the new State Duma, the opponents of Yeltsin won again the majority. Was as early as 26 February 1994 decided at the request of the nationalist LDPR Vladimir Zhirinovsky below, together with the newly organized communists of the CPRF ​​, and against the protest Yeltsin, an amnesty for the coup of August coup in 1991 and the constitutional crisis of 1993. The first chairman of the freely elected Duma was called Ivan Rybkin.

The Russian Constitutional Court declared in 1998 the use of tanks during the power struggle unconstitutional. Khasbulatov is now considered rehabilitated.

Chechnya

After 1993, Khasbulatov committed in the Chechen politics, he sought a limited sovereignty for the Russian Republic.

Science

After his political career Khasbulatov returned to science. He founded the Institute for International Economics at the Plekhanov Academy of Economics in Moscow and head of the Institute as a professor of international economic relations. Khasbulatov is the author of several books worldwide misplaced. Since December 7, 1991, he is an associate member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Member of the Russian Academy of Engineering Sciences and a member of the International Slavic Academy.

Works

• The struggle for Russia: power and change in the democratic rvolution, Routledge, London 1993, ISBN 0-415-09292-2
• The economic reform in the Russian Federation 1992 - 1993, INMARCON, Moscow 1993
• The bureaucratic state, YOX, Beograd 1991
• Perestroika from the perspective of an economist, APN Publishing House, Moscow 1989
• Imperialism and Developing nations, Allied Publishers, Ahmedabad 1987
• Boris Yeltsin: The alternative: democracy instead of dictatorship, with additional contributions by Ruslan Khasbulatov, Horizons Publishing, Bad King, 1991, ISBN 3-926116-30-7