S-300 (missile)

S-300 (Russian С -300 - советский зенитно - ракетный комплекс ) is the collective name for a Russian air defense missile system ( anti-aircraft missile complex, even anti-aircraft missile system ) of the Russian arms manufacturer NPO Almas (now Alma - Antei ). There are a number of variants. S-300 systems have been designed in the Soviet Union to avert or combat enemy warplanes and cruise missiles. Newer versions are suitable for the control of ballistic missiles and LO aircraft.

The first system S- 300P (NATO reporting name SA -10A Grumble ) was provided by the Soviet air defense service in 1978. Compared with the previous systems S-75 and S-200, this compound is characterized by a phased array antenna and significantly more powerful electronics. The most modern variant is the S -400 system (NATO reporting name SA-21 Growler ), which was available approximately from 2004 and represents a further development of the S-300 family.

Overview

Since the 1970s, several different S-300 systems with different missiles, improved radars, improved ECCM features and higher accuracy, especially against low-flying targets and ballistic missiles were developed. Essentially, three main variants can be distinguished.

S- 300P

The complex S- 300P (NATO reporting name SA -10 Grumble ) was a so-called anti-aircraft missile complex long-range priority for the units and formations of air defense (Russian Войска ПВО / Woiska PWO) developed to strategic goals against both strategic air attack means, but against cruise missiles to defend. At the same time the modification S- 300PT -1 and S - 300PT - 1A was provided as a mobile system to protect forces on the ground. It can be controlled at a maximum altitude of 25 km as the crow targets up to a distance of 75 km.

S- 300F

The S- 300F Fort (Russian: Форт, NATO reporting name: SA- N-6 ) was introduced in 1984 as a ship-based version of the S - 300P with the new 5W55RM rocket. With 90 km and 6120 km / h range and top speed were significantly increased. The peak height, however, was reduced to 25 km. The naval version utilizes various radar and radio remote control systems.

Installed and tested at sea was the system on cruisers of the Kara and Slava class. The 5W55RM rocket is comprehensive in six or eight rockets, kept rotating rocket launchers below decks.

S- 300FM

The S- 300FM Fort -M is another naval version of the system ( NATO codename: SA- N- 20). With it, the new 48N6 missile was introduced in 1990 in the form of 48N6Je. The top speed was increased to 7560 km / h. The warhead mass of 150 kg and the maximum range of 150 km were also increased.

The new missiles were given a new control system that makes it possible to intercept short-range ballistic missiles.

S- 300PMU -1

The S- 300PMU -1 ( NATO codename: SA- 20A) was introduced in 1992. This version was created after evaluating the U.S. experience in the Gulf War in 1991. S- 300PMU -1 uses the larger 48N6 missiles. The system is designed for the control of ballistic missiles.

See also: SA-20 Gargoyle

S- 300PMU -2

The current S- 300PMU - 2 Favorite (NATO reporting name SA -20B, U.S. DoD designation: SA -20B ) was introduced in 1997. It is similar to the S- 300PMU -1 and has the 48N6Je2 rocket with increased to 195 km range. It can intercept medium range ballistic missiles.

See also: SA-20 Gargoyle

S- 300W

The S- 300W system was developed for air defense troops of the ground forces ( army). All components are housed on tracked vehicles. The S- 300W system is highly mobile and designed to combat ballistic missiles. The S- 300W system was at its entry into the first operational mobile missile defense system in the world.

See also: SA -12 Gladiator / Giant

S- 300WM

The S- 300WM System ( Antey 2500) is the significantly uprated air defense missile system of the complex S- 300W. The main innovation is the use of more modern radar systems such as the fire control radar 9S32ME or search radars 9S15M2, 9S15MT2E or 9S15MW2E. The system is also equipped with the modern command station 9S457ME. The Antey -2500 system can connect six starters vehicles 9A84ME each other, each equipped with four rocket launch containers. The system can protect a 2500 km ² large area of air raids.