Sacramentary
The Sacramentary, also Sacramentarium, is a collection of prayers for the head of the Eucharist and other cultic celebrations. To their implementation requires further liturgical books, such as the lectionary or Gospel Lectionary and the Graduale or Antiphonary.
The Sacramentary originated in the early Middle Ages. From the 10-11. Century ( cf. Missal of Benevento ), it was gradually replaced by the full Missal, which contains all the texts of the fair. These were then in the Roman Missal of 1570 unified as far as possible.
For the medieval art history and iconography sacramentaries are important because they are considered sacred books often with rich Illumination ( illuminations ) decorated and equipped with precious book covers in goldsmith's work, often ivory plates were inserted into the.
Emergence of the Sacramentary
The prayers and actions were transmitted orally for a long time. By the time of Roman and non- Roman sacramentaries, such as the three books ( Temporal, Sanctorale, prayers and Canon Missae ) originated structured Gelasianum Vetus ( GeV ) ( mid-7th century ), the Gelasianum of the 8th century or Junggelasianum, or the Gregorianum in its three dating from the 7th century, but only by surviving manuscripts of the 9th century branches (type I Gregorianum - Hadrianum [ GRH ], supplemented by the Supplementum Anianense Benedict of Aniane [ Cambrai, Bibl municipale, 164 ], Type II Paduense [ Padua, Bibl Cap. , D 47], type III Prae - Hadrianum, [ Trent, Castel del Buon Consiglio, sn] created about 825 for Arn of Salzburg ) and the Milan, the Gallican, Celtic, altkampanische, old Spanish Sacramentary.
Hypothetically are the origins and the history very unsafe to Carolingian Renovatio. To what extent can be made here to a Apostolic Tradition and whether they already had written basics from the beginning, is purely a matter of faith. In order to capture the correct and right prayers emerged since late antiquity libelli, small books in which you wrote that you needed for the liturgy on site. In the libelli Missarum first time a Mass liturgy was recorded. They were the first missal of Christianity, but contained no description of the rites. Soon there were a number of such libelli, you took these in larger books, the liturgical books together. A distinction is made between Sakramentartypen and individual Sakramentarhandschriften
In the 7th century a first ordered by month in writing for collection of prayers, the Sacramentarium Veronense ( VE) (Verona, Bibl Cap. , Ms. LXXXV, first quarter of the 7th century ), the first extensive collection of prayer texts was still without ritual instructions. In the 8th century, it comes in the wake of pippi African liturgical reform for mixing Roman sacramentaries from the Gelasian type with Gallic material, it created the so-called Jungelasiana (also Gelasianum of the 8th century called ). On the initiative of Charlemagne is oriented in the Carolingian Renovatio back stronger at the Roman model and the towering figure of Pope Gregory I, the, wrong, actually applied to Pope Honorius I ( 625-638 ) returning city Roman Sacramentary was attributed by Pope Adrian I at his request had sent Karl. In the following years, new mixed types, convert the material into the Gregorian Sacramentary gelasianisches.
Important sacramentaries
6/7 century
- Sacramentary of Pope Leo the Great, Verona ( 440-461 / 6th or 7th century; Sacramentarium Leonianum or Veronense )
- Sacramentary Pope Gelasius I ( 492-496 / 6th or 7th century, other early 8th century and by 800; Alt- Gelasianum )
7th century
- Sacramentary of Pope Gregory the Great ( 590-604 / 715-731; Gregorianum )
- Sacramentary of Bishop Marinianus of Ravenna ( 595-606 /? )
- Gallic Sacramentary ( 7th century; Gallicanum )
8th century
- Sacramentary Gregorianum - Hadrianum ( 8th or 9th century). According to legend, Pope Hadrian I ( 772-795 ) Charlemagne ( 768-814 ) sent after this was to unify the liturgy of the Frankish Empire.
- Sacramentary of Bobbio ( 8th century )
- Pippin Sacramentary ( eighth century; mixing Gelasianum, Jung- Gelasianum )
- Sacramentary of Gellone ( 780 )
- Sacramentary of Bishop Arbeo of Freising († 783 )
- Sacramentary of Rheinau (around 795/800 )
- Sacramentary of Angoulême ( 8/9 century; gelasianisch )
- Sacramentary of Monza ( 8/9 century)
Sacramentary of Gellone
Sacramentary of Gellone
9th century
- Sacramentary of Amiens ( 9th century )
- Sacramentary of Mainz from the Abbey of St. Alban in front of Mainz ( 9th century / outgoing 10th century / 1000 )
- Sacramentary of Trent, Saeben ( 825, Codex Tridentinus )
- Sacramentary of Autun (c. 845; Codex Augustodunensis )
- Drogo Sacramentary (850; Bishop Drogo of Metz officiated 823-855 )
- Sacramentary ( probably made 2nd half of the 9th century for Emperor Charles the Bald, with a ruler image representing his coronation ) of Metz
- Sacramentary of Echternach (late 9th century )
- Pamelius Sacramentary (Cologne, 870-875 and 891-896 )
Drogo Sacramentary
Drogo Sacramentary
Sacramentary of Charles the Bald
10th Century
- Sacramentary of the monastery Peter Hausen ( monastery of Reichenau to 970/980 )
- Sacramentary of Fulda, Udine (around 975 )
- Sacramentary of St. Gereon Cologne ( 996-1002 )
- Sacramentary of St. Paul in the Lavant Valley ( Reichenau Monastery, around 970 ) with famous depictions of liturgical actions.
Peter Hausener Sacramentary
Sacramentary of St. Gereon
11th Century
- Sacramentary of Bishop Warmondo / Warmund (1000)
- Sacramentary of Figeac ( South of France, 11th century )
- Sacramentary of Venice ( 11th century )
- Sacramentary of Salzburg (11th century)
- Sacramentary of the Abbey of Saint - wall groove ( 11th century )
- Sacramentary of Regensburg (of Henry II donated )
- Sacramentary of Minden ( the Bishop Sigebert, who served from 1022 to 1036 )
- Sacramentary of St. Gallen ( 1050, with famous Pentecostal image )
- Sacramentary of Lorsch ( mid 11th century )
- Sacramentary of Tyniec (Cologne, 1060-1070 )
- Sacramentary of Fulda (11th century)
Sacramentary of Tyniec
Sacramentary of Fulda
12th Century
- Sacramentary of Tours (12th century)
- Ratmann Sacramentary ( 1159 )
- Sacramentary of Millstatt (1170/1180)
13th Century
- Sacramentary of Abbot Berthold ( Abbey Weingarten, 1215 )
- Hainricus - Sacristan Sacramentary ( 1220 )
Also: