Sakina

Sakina (Arabic السكينة, DMG as- Sakina ) is in the Koran, the holy book of Islam, mentioned state of mind. There is no exact equivalent in the German language. The words ataraxia, tranquility, serenity, peace of mind (happiness ) happiness, safety and awareness of God give meaning perhaps best again. The term is derived from the Hebrew word Shekinah, the root of the schakan ( live, camping ) comes and " dwelling " means. It refers to the presence of God with his people. In Biblical Greek, the Hebrew term was usually with doxa ( to German as " glory of God " ) is reproduced.

Sakina in the Quran

In the Quran Sakina is mentioned in several places, such as in connection with the Ark of the Covenant. According to the Qur'an, following herein the Jewish tradition, beamed the charge from the presence of God and was a source of peace:

Elsewhere Sakina is mentioned in a description of the deeds of Muhammad and the faithful. The verse is in the context of a description of the victory, which won the Muslims in many battles against the inhabitants of Mecca. Accordingly, the Muslims in the Battle of Hunayn were numerically far superior though, but initially taken to flight. Nevertheless, they finally won the battle after they had felt in a sudden moment of enlightenment God's presence, whereupon calm and confidence returned to them,

Another mention of Sakina is found again in Sura 9 When the Prophet Muhammad was driven out by the Quraysh of Mecca, he found refuge in a cave. The web of a spider, and the nest of a dove, which were at the cave entrance and the pursuers gave the impression that the cave would leave, saved his life at that moment. In the Koran Muhammad's position is described as follows:

Sura 16 describes the "houses", ie the home and the family of man, as places where you can learn Sakina:

Also in Sura 48 Sakina is mentioned:

In particular, the second of the two verses quoted above contains some very important concepts for Islam, which help to open up the meaning content of Sakina better. One of the key concepts here is al - Hamia what is rendered in Max Hennings translation in German with " bigotry ". In Bavaria translation it means " violent excitement ," and Lazarus Goldschmidt's translation of the term is equated with " spite ". It is clear that al - Hamia obviously the exact opposite of Sakina says. While the Meccans full rage, blind zeal or disordered arousal (al- Hamia ) are, Muslims are in a state of inner peace and strength, Sakina. The related term al - ǧaḥilīa is translated by Henning with " ignorance " and is in Islamic parlance, a name for the state on the Arabian Peninsula in pre-Islamic times. According to the Koran text was in this time of al - Hamia, ie " bigotry ". With Islam comes the Sakina, ie, the inner peace. Closely connected with the constant awareness of God (Arabic: at- taqwa ) appears. Only through this awareness can be achieved Sakina: Sakina is therefore the kind of peace, serenity and tranquility that can be found in reliance on Allah presence and care.

The Sakina in Islamic tradition

According to a tradition, which is attributed to ʿ Alī ibn Abī Taalib, it was also the Sakina which led Abraham to Mecca, as he did not know where he should build the Kaaba.

Sakina can be achieved by adhering to the commandments of God, according to Islamic view. Especially in Islamic mysticism, Sufism, the Sakina plays a major role.