Saxon Mining Office

The Saxon Mining Authority is the implementing agency for the mining law in Saxony. This includes the Minerals mineral resources in the territory of the former GDR.

History

Starting from the silver discoveries in 1168 to Freiberg became the center of the Saxon Erzgebirge or Ore mining. A mountain office with Bergmeister was mentioned here already in 1241. The Freiberg Mining Law, 1307 for the first time written down, was applied in many other European mining regions.

From 1470 rich silver discoveries in the Erzgebirge ( Schneeberg, Annaberg -Buchholz, Marienberg ) provoked a new, second mountain shouting. The mining industry expanded rapidly and in the course of this development started early 16th century, the gradual creation of a unified mining administration of Albertine Saxony. The 1509 George the Bearded adopted Anna Berger Bergordnung replaced the Freiberg Mining Law and presented to the 19th century, an authoritative foundation of the Central European mining law dar. As a founding date of the mining authority is valid July 1, 1542, making it the most Saxon Oberbergamt the oldest German mining authorities dar.

The ( only since the mid-17th century so designated ) Oberbergamt formed gradually in a longer historical process since the mid-16th century out. Had begun the process of installing a country -wide ( first ducal since 1547 Saxon ) mining administration under Duke Moritz of Bestallung Simon Bogner to Mount Voigt and Hans Röhlings to Mount Executor to "Invoice Matthei " ( Sept. 21 ) 1545th This installation process found by the appointment of Hans Röhlings son Markus Röhling as upper Bergmeister of Albertine Electorate of Saxony in 1554 a certain degree.

The first function of the previous chief mining people of the 17th century, you can see the 1577 to the mountain bailiff appointed Lawrence Schoenberg and the 1588 to the mountain appointed Captain Christoph von Schönberg.

After the firm order adopted by Elector Moritz on August 5, 1547 five counties were created, each with a head man at the top. First chief captain of gebirgischen circle was Heinrich von Gersdorf. Since, in this circuit, the most important Saxon mining towns and their territories lay, it was - in addition to the various tasks to be undertaken by him general administrative tasks, those for the granting of military security and the financial system - also responsible for the mountain being. He therefore were subject to both the officers of the Saxon offices as well as the above-mentioned officials of the central mining administration. The head people of gebirgischen circle so it was not the function predecessor of the later chief mining people ( chief mining / mountain Captain ) - this served as head of a special or technical authority, the Oberbergamt - but the country beautiful to the first representatives of administrative units, the hierarchically between the newly formed Councilor and the offices were arranged. The function of the ( so called later) district captains also existed for the perfect development of the Saxon mining authority continued ( with a chief mining or mining- man at the top of this technical authority ) until well into the 18th century.

Until 1869, the Mining Authority took over the economic and technical management of all mines on the basis of the mountain shelf within the Directorate principle and in terms of profit maximization for the Saxon electors and kings. This was accompanied by the development of a Geological Survey (later the Department of Geognostic country study ). Again and again put the Mining Office or the chief mining people also significant scientific character. So the chief mining Hans Carl von Carlowitz in 1713 coined the term sustainability. A few decades later were instrumental in the founding of the Freiberg chief mining Friedrich Wilhelm von Oppel and general mountain Commissioner Friedrich Anton von Heynitz.

As industrialization and liberalization of the Directorate principle was replaced by the General Mining Act of 16 June 1868 which came into force with effect from 3 January 1869. The mountain shelf was replaced by the mountain freedom for ores and the state of title for salts. Organizationally followed the Directorate principle, the inspection principle, which largely limited the supervision of the mining authority on security issues. With another Act of 1 December 1868, the previous Oberbergamt and the mining authorities of Freiberg, Marienberg and Schwarzenberg was dissolved and converted into a pan -Saxon Mining Authority to Freiberg. In the regions after Bergmeister were responsible.

On April 1, 1943, the Saxon Oberbergamt was summarized along with the other German High Mountain offices to the central Reichberg authority. For the time being ended its 400-year history as a state mining authority.

In 1991 a Saxon Mining Office has been set up, which is responsible for occupational safety, health, environmental protection and securing raw materials in the Saxon mining. The Mining Office in 2010 led the supervisor of 297 mining operations with funding ( including 293 companies of the mining and quarrying industry and the four Saxon lignite mines Nochten, Reichwalde, United Schleenhain and Profen ) and 78 extractive industry without subsidies, as well as 103 restoration businesses and facilities ( including, without limitation, the investments of the bismuth - uranium mining ). Another focus is the rehabilitation of historic Altbergbauanlagen, especially of old water drainage gallery as the Rothschönberger Stolln and the Marx -Semler - Stolln.

Dienstsitz

Seat of the re-erected in December 1991 Office is Freiberg, where it is based on a long tradition, and is also associated with the Mining Academy Freiberg. Originally, the mining office was located at Schloss Freudenstein. 1679 was laying in the open house of Schönlebe family in Kirchgasse 11 Built in 1500 late-Gothic building was increased by one level in the 19th century. It has ground floor and first floor via a featured star vaults and vaulting. In the neighboring house Kirchgasse 13 was from 1679 to 1859 the Oberhütte office founded in 1555.

Mountain captains

Among the Saxon mining captains were so important personalities like Abraham by Schoenberg, Hans Carl von Carlowitz, Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich von Trebra, Sigismund Augustus Wolfgang von Herder and Johann Carl -free life.

See also

• Mining Archives