Scale (anatomy)

As Scale (Latin squama ) the doctrine of the form of the living creatures, plate or plate-like elements are referred to in the morphology.

In zoology and human biology

Skin appendages

Dandruff is a common component of the body covering ( tegument) in various animals. In vertebrates these and the other skin appendages are dermal or epidermal derivatives of the skin and anchored in it.

• The Placoidschuppe covered as dental skin the skin of cartilaginous fish.
• Different groups of bony fishes have developed characteristic scales ways: In the bony Elasmoidschuppe the genuine bony fish the more original Cycloidschuppe and Ctenoidschuppe be distinguished. In the rhomboid Ganoidschuppe the primitive ray-finned bone base is still covered with a thick, glossy layer of hard Ganoin.
• The Kosmoidschuppe covers the skin of the flesh -finned fishes.

Scaly skin of man

The skin dandruff is visible with the naked eye, aggregation of corneocytes. The outer layer of keratinized squamous epithelium, which is generally the multilayered epidermis (outer skin) forms of vertebrates, dissolves in the course of desquamation ( peeling ) of the underlying layers.

Bones of the skull

• The temporal squama ( squama ) of the temporal bone is the side of the skull above the external auditory canal.
• The frontal squama ( squama frontalis) is a part of the frontal bone. It forms the upper edge of the orbit, the supraorbital Margo.
• The occipital ( occipital squama ) of the tripartite occipital bone forms the posterior margin of the foramen magnum ( occipital foramen ).

In botany

• The scale is a flat appendages of the plant epidermis ( converted plant hair).
• It is the cataphyllary some seedlings, shrubs, herbs and earthborn.
• Zapf flowering of pins ( Botany) has Deckschuppe and seed scale.
• Softwood pins have a pin dandruff.
• Saugschuppe in bromeliads plants.