Scarborough Bluffs

The Scarborough Bluffs are steep cliffs in Scarborough, a suburb of Toronto, on the shores of Lake Ontario. The 14- km-long escarpment runs from Victoria Park Avenue to the east into the mouth of the River Highland Creek. They reach a height of up to 65 m. They formed the shore of prehistoric Lake Iroquois and have multiple layers by erosion. The eroded alluvial soil formed the Toronto Islands. The first 46 meters of the sediment layer containing fossil plants and animals, who were in a large river delta around 70,000 years ago. The next layer consists of boulder clay and sand; the youngest layer of the Scarborough Bluffs is around 12,000 years old.

The Scarborough Bluffs were named by Elizabeth Simcoe, as reminding them of the limestone cliffs of Scarborough in her native England. The rocks later gave the place the name of Scarborough and are now in a stylized form part of the coat of arms. On the edge of the cliffs the recreation area Bluffer 's Park was built.