Schlachte (Bremen)

As slaughters the historic waterfront is designated on the river Weser in Bremen's Old Town. In the official sense, the Slaughter is a parallel to the shore extending stretch of road, which ( at the St. Martini Church ) begins at the corner of First Schlachtpforte and about 660 meters north-west of the house of the youth, corner Kalkstraße ends. The Slaughter, originally the Harbour Square Bremen, has now converted to dining and beer garden mile.

• 5.1 Buildings today
• 5.2 Prior building
• 5.3 Heritage

The name

The name comes from Slaughter slagte, ie from hammering the shore piles that were held with beams and Faschinenflechtwerk and provided for bank protection. The name comes from the Low German and is in a different form - such as in the primitive Schlagde - spread of similar riparian areas throughout northern Germany. 1250, this area was first mentioned as Slait, later referred to as slagte and as slacht.

The story of the Slaughter port

Middle Ages

1247 was the hitherto undeveloped shoreline in front of the city wall between Martini Church and today's Second Schlachtpforte of citizens of Bremen, presumably long-distance trade merchants settled. In a 1250- issued privilege the water Müller were obliged to apply for the first time as " Slait " designated, so fortified with broken piles complex to maintain. For these and other factors, it is concluded that a formed in the mid-13th century at this point port operations, even if the use for some time for this purpose also bellows and long for the traffic of ships (albeit a shallow draft ) was available. At the same time, this phase is the development of the incipient separation of market and harbor place, because at the slaughters itself there were only a few stalls. Ships up to a capacity of about 100 tons, like the Bremen Hanse Kogge, likely until late Middle Ages have the slaughters port yet started. " So the Slaughter had also quite seaport function. "

Modern Times

The view of the slaughters in the woodcut of 1550/54 still shows very clearly a wooden Kajenbefestigung. A little later it was replaced by a stone seawall, the encircle the city towards the shore became more and more broken up and in 1557 the slaughters legally added to the city. Ten lanes later led out of the city to the harbor area, the flow of goods counted down: the first Schlachtpforte, Joseph passage Ulenstein, the Second Battle Gate, the Heimlich gate that Ansgaritränkpforte, the crane gate, the Dark gate that zingel and the Last Schlachtpforte. They were manned by guards and were locked at night.

Between 1600 and 1830 changed in appearance, organization and technical equipment of the Bremer Slaughter little harbor. Your expansion had reached a length of 450 m and extended from the Martini Church almost to the granary. City side, it was limited by a broken only by the battle wickets series usually employed businessman gable houses. Here were the homes of the port officials and a number of licensed premises, the operation of continuously gave rise to disputes.

On the also as storage used, (allegedly since 1646) paved area were still the Messel Bude grain diameter, a scale, the stalls selling fish and pottery, several well house with hand pumps and especially the Wuppen and the large Tretkran.

The administrative supervision of the Port Authority was responsible for two councilors, the so-called battle leaders, the everyday management tasks locally the battlefield Vogt and accounting the battle recorder. Battle guards controlled the battle and doors should prevent theft of stored goods. Küper, packers, grain diameter, crane and rocker master, tons and bag- carrier ( " Maskopsträger " ), wheelbarrow pushers and carters were responsible for the practical implementation of product rotation. The available space for ships at the quay wall was limited, most were the vehicles in several rows next to each other on the quay; repeated with renewed official orders of battle trying to regulating intervene in battle roles, the charges for port services were established.

Away from the " Great Slaughter" was located upstream, above the ( first mentioned 1244 ) Weser bridge nor the " Small Slaughter" of barges with access from Stavendamm.

19th century

An increase in freight traffic in the first half of the 19th century led to a slight extension of the slaughters, but it was the railroad forced a fundamental restructuring of the port of Bremen being. 1860 took the Weser railway station on the Stephanikirchenweide pasture its operation on and joined the Weser river bank with the rapidly growing German railway network, to the 1862 Bremerhaven was also connected. From 1884 arose simultaneously with the Weser correction on the western outskirts behind the Weser station a number of large, again suitable for seagoing ships dock. The Slaughter had served as seeorientierter hub.

The transformation in the 20th century

After the buildings along the slaughters have been used for decades mainly as trading posts and warehouses and street life in spite of its attractive location on the river Weser was correspondingly low, she succumbed at the end of the 20th century a remodeling process. After an initial reassignment to a pedestrian street in 1985, " the city on the river " large parts were between 1993 and 2000 as part of the Expo project structurally redesigned.

The lower level of the slaughters, including lying downstream and upstream extension of the slaughters routes in the district of Old Town was rebuilt as a modern promenade. There you can now walk along a distance of two miles on paved road at the Weser.

The river upstream section of the corner of First Schlachtpforte to the Mayor Smidt bridge was converted into a promenade with historic flair. In the formerly largely used as warehouses buildings have a ground floor restaurants, bars and pubs were decorated with about 2,000 seats in the open air, about young companies such as media designer and advertising companies settled. The connection to the city center was improved by redesigning the passages between the upper road, Martini Street and Slaughter.

Modernized investors on the Weser now offer space for several ships, including the Friedrich and the Roland of Bremen, the reconstruction of a Hanseatic cog from the 14th century.

With the opposite Teerhof the Slaughter was a 1996 newly constructed pedestrian bridge - connected - the so- called Teerhofbrücke. The Teerhofbrücke is the result of an architectural competition, the design was executed by the Bremen architect Dieter Quiram.

In a short time the Slaughter became an entertainment district, on the from 2004, the earlier the nearby marketplace reserved part of the "historical " Christmas market was extended. However, the first primarily feared by some residents at the market place market -rubbing loss of customers proved to be unfounded.

2007/2008 and the western part of the Slaughter has been revamped. The urban renewal project related to the previously outstanding part of the upper level of the slaughters, the downstream of the center portion located between Mayor Smidt bridge and corner Diepenau. According to the urban development measures in Stephaniviertel and mainly because of the settlement of Radio Bremen in this part of the slaughters the previously existing urban gap has been closed. The work was completed in February 2008.

Today's construction

The Slaughter today consists of two main levels: The lower consists of the docks for the ships and a paved lower promenade. Behind it rises to about four meters high former quay wall. Until after the Second World War, the Weser handed approach to this point, and only by later Vorschüttungen today's unhistorical distance between the wall and the river was. The upper level with a further promenade is approximately level with the rest of downtown. There, so instead of the old storehouse, there are gastronomic used outdoor seating. Behind it runs mostly reserved for pedestrian traffic road, the actual " Slaughter", opposite are mainly dining facilities. The open-air operation of restaurants is limited to the protection of residents at the time to 24 clock.

Building

Today's building

• Slaughter 3-5: The rotsteinsichtige conservative business house with its three gables was built in 1949/51, designed by Arthur Bothe for the company Gollücke and Rothfos.
• Slaughter 15 to 18: the headquarters of trade JH Bachmann, was built in 1913 according to plans of Richard Bielenberg and Josef Moser. The six-storey, backsteinsichtige office building with its three gables burned down in 1944 and was rebuilt in 1948. It now houses the DSV Air & Sea GmbH. and the Danish consulate.
• Slaughter 23-26 (also Lange Strasse 38 /42): The office buildings in the opulent decorative style with Baroque and Renaissance forms were formerly the seat of the rice market and the Argo Reederei. They were built in 1904 /05 to plans by Johann Georg Poppe. The conversions from 1947 to 1951 come from Karl Walter.
• Slaughter 30A: The business house was built around 1960.
• Slaughter 36-38: ruins of a stone building was built around 1183 are visible in the basement of the hotel abundance of 2004.
• Slaughter No. 41-44: residential and commercial building from 1981, designed by Gert Schulze

Earlier buildings

• Slaughter 1: building from 1819, designed by Jacob Ephraim Polzin; not receive
• Slaughter 31B: The Pflügersche office building was built according to plans by the sculptor William Theophilus Frese around 1755 in the style of the Rococo of the wine merchant and councilor, Johann Georg Hofschlaeger. It had five floors. 1836 bought Georg Friedrich Pflüger the house and set up the Gaststhof city of Paris. 1874 took over goods Knives Carl Wilhelm Meyer the building. At the beginning of the 20th century, a new building was constructed by reusing the rococo facade, designed by Albert darkness. The house burned down in 1944. The facade was in 1957/58 re-used for the new house in the city savings bank at the corner of Long Street Marketplace.

Conservation

The Slaughter as a complete system and the following buildings are listed buildings:

• Martini churchyard 3 and 6: Martini Church and Neander House, 1229/1250
• Slaughter 2-32 as an ensemble
• Slaughter 3-5: Commercial Building, 1949-1951
• Slaughter 10, 11: publishing and office building, 1925-1927
• Slaughter 15 to 18: Commercial Building J. H. Bachmann built in 1913, again in 1948
• Slaughter 30A: Commercial Building, circa 1960
• Slaughter wall as a harbor wall, 16th and 19th centuries
• First Schlachtpforte 1: commercial building, around 1955