Schloss Belvedere, Weimar

Belvedere Palace is a lavish summer palace complex near the city of Weimar. The Belvedere is one of the most beautiful residences of Thuringia. The entire plant including the park with its many exotic plants was declared in 1998 as part of the ensemble " Classical Weimar " by the UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Location

The castle with its numerous outbuildings and a landscaped park with an orangery is located on the " oak Leite " in Weimar, one located four kilometers to the south from the city center distant hill. You can reach the castle on the representative Belvederer Avenue, which goes up as a straight axis from the city center right up to the oak Leite.

Belvedere Castle

History

The Baroque palace complex was built in 1724-1744 by Johann Adolph Richter and Gottfried Heinrich Krohne as the residence of Duke Ernst August I of Saxony -Weimar and was among the most important of its twenty hunting and pleasure palaces. As an example of the Belvedere Palace in Vienna served. The yellow -colored castle is divided into a dominant central block with a small observation tower and two side pavilions with domes. It stands on the south side of a circular forecourt with " castle fountain " by which the symmetrically arranged " Kavalierhäuser " group. Today, this " Mozart's House" and " Haydn House " in the West are under the name "Beethoven House " and "Bach Haus " in the east, as well known. The terrain falls to the north from now and allows a wide view of the city of Weimar. The interior is highlighted already the access area, which is equipped with four images of tiles in Delft blue with typical Dutch subjects, such as sailing ships, windmills, etc. This is an ingredient of the late 19th century. There are very many faience also from earlier times to the Belvedere, which presumably originated from domestic production.

From 1756 until the transfer of ownership of the Land of Thuringia in 1921 the Belvedere Palace defeated various uses. From 1806 to 1853/59 was the Schloss Belvedere Weimar Princely House ( Hereditary Grand Duke Carl Friedrich and his wife Maria Pavlovna ) as a representative summer residence. In the transition from the 18th to the 19th century parts of the plant have already been leased to a private school.

Current usage

Today the castle buildings are reopened to visitors after extensive renovation work. In the actual lock a Rococo Museum was established by the art collections of Weimar, whose exhibition shows important paintings and portraits of the 17th, 18th and early 19th century. The collection features exquisite glassware, porcelain, pottery and furniture.

The " Cavalier Homes " are now used for the most part by the Academy of Music " Franz Liszt" as a training and learning spaces for singers, guitarists and accordionists.

  • Belvedere Castle

Western Pavilion

Western Pavilion ( detail)

Cavalier Homes ( East side)

Entrance to the Rococo Museum

Belvedere Castle in winter

Belvedere Palace with orangery

The 43 -acre Belvedere Palace was originally built in the days of Duke Ernst August I in the years 1728-1748 as a representative baroque gardens in the strict French style around the castle. Immediately after the Castle was a star-shaped Tiergarten and in the eastern part of the park an orangery was built. The 1731 started building the Orangerie were completed in her first baroque version, designed by the architect Johann Adolph Richter country, around 1750. In 1760, which followed "long house " and 1808 the ensemble of the orangery was expanded by the "New House ".

After 1758 began a gradual resolution of the symmetrical garden structure. So were taken away, among other things, the Cabinet gardens surrounding the castle, and also some buildings disappeared. From 1811 took place under Grand Duke Carl Friedrich remodeling within the meaning of an English landscape park with numerous architectures and jewelery courses in the slope area. For his wife, the Tsar 's daughter Maria Pavlovna, Carl Frederick 1811 to 1815 to create the regularly arranged " Russian garden " at the 1823 a small " tail Theater" and in 1843 the " maze " were added. The Russian garden is a miniature replica of the " maximum Own Garden" at the summer residence of the Tsars in Pavlovsk. In it there is also a after the sister of Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna, named paulownia. The perimeter of the castle park was 1844/45 was completely removed, which enabled the transition to the adjacent forest.

The orangery, which was originally used only in representation, reached with his Belvederer plant collections in the 1820s as " Hortus Belvedereanus " even celebrity. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Grand Duke Carl August dwelt in that time often on scientific studies and botanical experiments in the Belvederer greenhouses. In the years 1818-1821 the so-called " Red Tower " next to the " Long House " was built at the "Flower Garden ", which is a painting of Adam Friedrich Oeser of received (today again reconstructed ) and was used as a botanical cabinet. From here you have the best view of the surroundings.

Until the mid-19th century to 1850, the formation of the parks which was conducted in accordance with the proposals of Prince Pueckler since 1842, was completed in its present form of a post-classical - romantic landscape park with jewelry places, water and cave systems, sentimental monuments and ruins architectures. At the building ensemble Baroque plant is still readable.

1945 advised the Red Army their headquarters in a castle. 1946 occurred between Belvederer alley and the castle building the facility of a central cemetery for Soviet occupying forces in Thuringia. Previously, he was 1937/38, designed as a memorial cemetery for the Nazis by Fritz Sauckel and reburied the few people buried in the Weimar main cemetery after the war. From 1946 to 1975 here took place more than 2,000 funerals of Soviet military and civilians.

In 2004 a comprehensive restoration of the gardens was largely completed. The Orangery plus gardener's house now houses still exotic plants, placed in the summer outside, provide a Mediterranean flair of the entire system. A historical channel heating in winter makes the right temperatures. A part of the building complex served until 2000 as an exhibition space for carriages, hunting car and touring coupé in the 18th and 19th century from the former grand ducal fleet.

In one, landscape architecture, as well as carefully managed inserted into the terrain building north of the historic castle now houses the Music High School Schloss Belvedere.

  • Orangery Palace Belvedere

Dolphin Fountain in front of the Orangerie.

South wing of the Orangerie.

Fountain in front of the nursery.

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