Schloss Leopoldskron

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The Leopoldskroner moss, also called Leopoldskron Moss, is a district of Salzburg, which was given its present name from the built under Prince Archbishop Firmian rococo castle Leopoldskron. Firmian had bought together with the castle grounds in the Riedenburg the large bog areas of the wild moss including the hammer moss. This bog was formerly wild moss or Filzmoos ( Viltzmoos ) or Unterberger moss.

The formerly independent municipality Leopoldskron Moss was incorporated into the city of Salzburg in 1939. In Leopoldskroner Moss district now live 2,500 residents.

Geography

This district Leopoldskroner Moss is now essentially a 4 km long and both sides of the street each 80 m wide strip of land on the right and left of the moss road, which has emerged from a late Baroque Moor hooves settlement. To the south of this land strip extends to the Tauern motorway and thus the current city limits. In the north, the district borders the district of Ried Burg ( castle Ried - St.Paul ), the positive limit of the settlement area of undeveloped green space around the Bertihof ( Schiffmannshof, nearest the Firmianstraße ) represents. This district is surrounded on both sides of the resulting long-range Mooswiesen of Leopoldskroner Moore, but their mire nature is disappearing due to dehydration.

The moor and its history

The bog south of the mountain and the monk Rainberg was dehydrated in peri-urban parts of the Riedenburger Moores already under Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau after 1598 partially. Other notable parts were dehydrated but only from the 18th century and then gradually cultivated. On a small fish pond which was created by the mining of peat, Archbishop Leopold Anton von Firmian build a summer residence for his family. At the time, bought the Archbishop for his noble family (especially his nephew Lactantius and his family ) the whole wild moss gradually. Then naturalized after the name of the Archbishop gradually the name Leopoldskroner a moss.

The Leopoldskroner moss extends to the foot of the lower mountain. In the moss once much peat and peat is still mined on a small scale for spa purposes. ( First was the Moor as unhealthy and cause disease in disrepute now be salvific value was detected). Today, the landscape area primarily residential suburb and recreation.

The Hammerauer Moor north of Hammer Straße is a nature reserve today. The scattered various bog - fen meadows are very valuable for nature conservation. To maintain and secure the moorland a sufficient and steady high humidity is required.

The parish church of Maria Hilf

After the 19th century, more and more farmers had settled along the street in Leopoldskroner moss bog and finally 700 people were settled here, the Mosler wanted to at least have their own modest chapel. Since the Leopoldskroner - Moosern two patrons came to the rescue and financed much today's stately church: Maria Robinig of rotting field and the well-known patron of Dowager Empress Karoline Auguste. A farmer donated over the Marienbad the building site, so 1853 could be started with the church. Otto Laschensky and Jacob Goetz made ​​in the historicist Neo-Romanesque style, the building plans of the church. 1858 then the Leopoldskroner Maria Hilf church was inaugurated. Worth mentioning is the newer designed by Margarete Winkler Wasen cross that recalls the work in the bog.

In the same year also the Cemetery of Leopoldskron Moss was inaugurated.

The settlement area of Leopoldskroner moss and its parts

Through the moss today leads the straight, 5.35 km long moss road that extends from Rainbergfuß straight to the entrance of the castle grounds Glanegg. This road was laid out as temporarily passable stick travel in parts already under Archbishop Firmian. It was extended in 1770 after the establishment of Sigmund door in the northernmost part and slightly elongated. It was not until 1805-1807, it was expanded to the south of Firmianstraße to a motorable road ( in the form of a first lined with poplars Italy Avenue). With the digestion colonization of the landscape began in the form of a late Baroque Moor hooves settlement. South of the Firmianstraße the first houses " Mooshäuser " were built around 1800. 1828 was the first mud bath, the Marienbad, and in 1859 the school house was built. More intensive agriculture was practiced in this landscape area only after the straightening of Glan in peat bog ( it was about 1938 to 1947 ) and the associated large-scale drainage facility. Today it contains the following main trenches: the Fiebingergraben in the north ( often incorrectly called Fiebigergraben ), the black trench with its western tributary ( Little Black trench ) and the short Hammerauer ditch. In the far east of the Wild Moosgraben runs.

An elementary school classes were doing ( in the nearest area of ​​today Riedenburg ) since 1780 in various private homes instead, until 1859 the school house was built in Leopoldskroner moss. 1900, the elementary school was already dreiklassig. 1901 here the volunteer fire department Leopoldskroner Moss was established. 1931 was the settlement area of the moss Leopoldskroner own water line.

1812 was the entire village Leopoldskroner Moss from 64 scattered small houses, mostly built entirely of wood. Significantly less than half of them lived along the moss road.

1845 lived here already 200 " colonists " in the landscape Leopoldskroner Moss more than 100 homes, half of them estimated at Moss Street.

1880 traveled 762 inhabitants lived here (the Moor hooves settlement ( village road ) along the moss road itself out of 113 houses with 484 inhabitants was ).

1910 lived here already 1133 inhabitants in 178 houses.

Today, the settlement area at Moss Street is divided into four areas.

Obermoosburg

• Lehrbauhof: Here in the south is here near the highway- the Lehrbauhof. Since 1992, the Salzburg Festival in the summer guest at this location: rehearsals and performances take place since at this place of education in the construction industry. The Lehrbauhof thus became a center for meetings of craft education and culture, an idea that the former artistic director of the festival Dr. Gerard Mortier with initiated. The Lehrbauhof consists of a long tract of the Teachings theory, teaching and administration, and a parallel two-storey connection and distribution gear with attached workshops. The moss road-side main building is the entrance hall, a large workshop and a maintenance depot.
• The Charles Moosbad: In Upper Moss has also built a mud bath in 1850: the Charles Moosbad (formerly Hafner ). So far, no details about the history of this bath could be experienced. The bathroom was no longer in operation after the first world war.

Hammerauer settlement

It is a new urban center - just south of present-day nature reserve Hammerauer bog located, which (contrary to important urban planning principles ) in the area around today's Adalbert-Stifter -Straße was considerably between 1965 and 1975.

Mittermoos

The Mittermoos far South to the Hammer Straße and in the north to the church cemetery. Here are as well as the parish church and opposite the Marienbad.

• The Marienbad: 1828 opened the town physician Dr. Oberlechner here a bath which was housed in the inn to Mittermoos. Leopold Dragga buys 1850 guest and bathhouse Mittermoos. He left this house torn down and built here a new mostly wooden inn and bath house in the then-popular Swiss style. It was opened in 1855 under the name of Marienbad (opposite St. Mary's Church located ). It had 24 rooms, 20 private offices, 12 bathrooms (with wooden tubs ) and a dining room. For this bathroom included a small park and a farm building. Today here is the American International School Salzburg ( AISS ) are accommodated.

Untermoos

• The Ludwigsbad: The well-known surgeon Dr. Anton Fiebinger built here (after Mittermoos bath) in 1841, a second spa bath, which he named after the Bavarian King King Ludwigs bathroom. 1915, the main building was expanded to twice the size. There was waiting to curative purposes marsh, mud, pine needles and salt baths. The bathroom was in operation until about 1970. By 2006, when this was the same inn known, which is now used as a residence "Living in King Ludwig".

Leopoldskron Pond settlement

The settlement between Zwieselweg in the south and in the north Firmianstraße today has a size of about 20 ha and estimated about 800 inhabitants. Starting from a small settlement at the core Firmianstraße, who has emerged in the time of the monarchy and an obstruction to the light stone road in the interwar period, the settlement developed after the Second World War to its present size.