Schuttern Abbey

The Imperial Abbey was a Benedictine monastery in Schuttern Schuttern (now part of the municipality of Friesenheim in Ortenaukreis in Baden- Württemberg).

History

About the founding of the monastery Schuttern - according to their own monastic tradition in the years 603 - are currently no news source. An early medieval cell, which is named after a not to be identified Offo Offoniswilare or Offoniscella, likely on the hazards arising from the Alsace Christianization of the right bank of the country in advance of the diocese of Strasbourg, on the effect of the iro -Scottish mission, and thus on the 7th, when not have to go back to the 6th century. The further history of the monastery's possessions in Ortenau and the Breisgau suggests an involvement with the Alsatian dukes of Etichonen and their affiliated noble clans, although the monastery was itself, possibly submitted during the Carolingian period, under the protection of the Empire. On the place of the monastery itself was a Roman settlement, probably a larger and representative appointed villa rustica of the 4th century AD, were reused by the spolia in the construction of the monastery church and the layout of the graves.

The attempt to bring the revered in the monastic tradition of the 13th and 14th century monastery founder Offo with a Memoria, one with a particularly excellent mosaic already in the Carolingian period memorial site, in conjunction, despite detailed archaeological documentation of Baubefundes must remain speculation. The high stylization of Offo as a monastery founder is related to the political agitation of the late Middle Ages against the reigning Klostervögte out of the house Geroldseck.

The monastery was placed under 746-753 by Pirmin the Benedictine rule and won in the Carolingian period a significant economic position, so that in the chapter members of Louis the Pious is available through the Army contingent of imperial monasteries to Lorsch 817 second. Same here a highly skilled writing school was maintained as a by the then abbot Bertrich commissioned and written by Deacon Luithar Gospel Book, now, is in the British Library in London.

It may be attributable to the turmoil of the late Carolingian period that the monastery completely impoverished and his possessions later finds himself almost completely in the hands of the lords of Geroldseck. Only with the disempowerment of Etichonen as dukes of Alsace, the influence of the monarchy seems to reassert; Otto II granted the convent immunity 975 a privilege that freed from the jurisdiction of the regional secular powers. 1007, Emperor Henry II mucking together with Gengenbach the newly established Diocese of Bamberg, and during his visit in 1016 he gave him for his great poverty, the neighboring parish of Home Fries. If ever there was indeed a reference to a monastery founder Offo, this tradition was suppressed at this time; the monastery appears from 1025 under the name Schuttern ( Scutera ). Whether a substantive and traditionally moderate correlation between the orientation of the monastery as Bamberger own monastery, the name change and the subject of the fratricide of Cain and Abel on a scale at the beginning of the 11th century floor mosaic - the oldest of its kind in Germany - at the site of Memoria is must remain open.

Numerous conflagrations translated to the monastery in the 12th and in the 13th century and destroyed in addition to the Romanesque monastery buildings probably the biggest part of primary sources.

By 1235, the documentary verifiability of the monastery bailiwick, on which can only be speculated in the previous period begins. Evidence that the Dukes of Zahringen had exercised as owner of the Ortenauer County before 1218 the Bailiwick, do not exist. On the other hand, it seems likely that the Lords of Geroldseck have abused before 1235 advocacies for the acquisition of monastic property in no small extent. After the death of the lords of Geroldseck in the Diers Burger line the Bailiwick in 1278 fell back to the main house Geroldseck in the High Geroldsecker line and was from then on under the influence emanating from political confusions here. The advocacies served the Gerold -nuts as a base to build in the city has now been made for settlement Schuttern a castle, which used it as a base at the time of the Habsburg- Wittelsbach throne dispute. In response, monastery and town 1334-35 were destroyed by the citizens of the city of Strasbourg. The gerold ecki between inheritance disputes in the 15th century, the convent attracted equally affected as the Peasants' War in 1525, until it was finally determined by a new large fire in 1548 reduced to rubble. The city rights were lost again in this turmoil.

1490 joined Schuttern in Bursfeld Congregation and was hers until 1623.

With the political orientation to Austria, the abbot of the still of the Bamberg Church belonging to the monastery became the end of 17th and beginning of the 18th century, practically a member of the Austrian front estates. Austrian Military struck down in 1743 unrest among the peasants Schutterner. Under Abbot Karl Vogel (1753 - 1786) The monastery experienced a bloom again during the 1767-72 the present baroque church was built by the architect Joseph Michael Schnöller. The interiors were created by the plasterer Christian Eitel 1770 stayed here Marie Antoinette, daughter of Maria Theresa and future wife of the French heir to the throne of Louis XVI. , On their journey from Vienna to Versailles for the last time on German soil. In the Peace of Luneville in 1801 was mucking together with the Austrian Breisgau belonged to the Duke of Modena and then came the Peace of Pressburg in 1805 at Baden. The Monastery, 1803 possession of the Hospitallers, was repealed by Baden 1806. The baroque monastery buildings, which had a short time before given him the splendor of a small baroque residence, were canceled, the church was the parish church of the village Schuttern.

Monuments

The only remnant of the old monastery is the most visible baroque parish church, in whose basement the remains of the Ottonian floor mosaic of Cain and Abel are made ​​visible. The tower of the church was built in 1722 under the French style influences, from 1767 to 1772 was followed by the nave. Its cupola was canceled in 1821, a fire destroyed 1853, the baroque interior. The present appearance dates back to the overall restoration of the church in the late 1970s, while also extensive archaeological investigations were carried out.

List of abbots

• Beret Rich
• Erchanpertus
• Wenibertus
• Madalbertus
• Peter
• Eglibertus, 868, 881 Engilbertus
• Folckernus, 975
• Ecbertus, 1009
• Eberhardus, 1016
• Bruningus, abbas Scutera
• Eberhardus, 1121
• Conrad, abbas Schutterensis monasterii, 1136; Cuonradus, Scutrensis abbas 1148
• Heinrich, 1215-1245
• Berthold of Ottone, 1245-1252
• Rudolf, 1252-1256
• Friedrich, 1256-1262
• Hermann von Burner, 1262-1295
• Rudolf, 1295-1324
• Lempfrit, ( Lenfrit, Lentfrit ), 1324-1337
• Ysenbart, 1337-1350
• Joannes, 1353 and 1356
• Wilhelm, 1359 and 1370
• Henry Snell Willingen, 1370-1379
• Werner von Lützelburg, 1379-1390
• Friedrich von cons of green Stouffenberg, 1390 and 1414
• John Armbruoster, 1414 and 1439
• William Schaub, 1442-1460
• John Vill ( Full), 1466-1491
• Johannes de Gerßbach, 1491-1518
• Conrad Frick, 1518-1535
• Rudolphus Garb, was prior of the monastery Hugshofen
• Thomas Boden Forest, 1550
• Stephen Wüttinger, 1556
• Martin, 1558
• James I. Rapp of Freiburg, 1593-1600
• John Knörr, 1600-1624
• Tobias Rösch, 1624-1638
• Conrad III. Fuchs, 1638-1639
• Benedict Bebel Ensisheim, 1639-1641
• Vincenz Haug, 1641-1656
• Benedict Fusier, 1656-1658
• Blasius Sarwey, 1658-1674
• Placidus I. hot from Breisach, 1674-1687
• James II Vogler from Engen, 1688-1708
• Placidus II Hinderer from Baden, 1708-1727
• Franz coin, 1727-1751
• Karl Vogel, 1751-1782
• Placidus III. Bach Eberle, from Oberkirch, 1786-1803, Ultimus Abbas