Schwarzach (Rednitz)
West side of the bridge of the Ludwig channel ( Brückkanal ) over the Schwarzach in Black Bruck
The Schwarzach is a right tributary of the Rednitz between Nuremberg and Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate in Bavaria.
- 4.1 History of Schwarzachtals
- 4.2 The Schwarzachtal today
Name
The name is composed of "black", for the dark color of the river water after the snow melts when it mitschwemmt numerous sediments and from " Ache ", a Celtic- Germanic term for "Bach".
Geography
Course
The Schwarzach flows in its middle part by the Nuremberg Reich forest; it forms the border between the southern kingdom of forest in the south and the Lorenz Imperial forest in the north.
Inflows
- Maier Bach ( left)
- Pilsach (right)
- Chain Bach ( left)
- Sindlbach (right)
- Tube townspeople Bach ( right)
- Traunfelder Bach ( right)
- Rasch Bach ( right)
- Ezelsdorfer Saugraben (left)
- Ferri Edener Bach ( left)
- Gauch Bach ( right)
Geology
The Schwarzach flows in the border area of the river systems of the Danube and the Rhine. Earlier they flowed down to the Danube and has changed by the steepening gradient, the direction of the Rhine, which flows much deeper compared to the Danube. They had two hard rock strata of the South German cuesta land break through and created spectacular breakthroughs: the section south of Altdorf between Rasch and green mountain and the gorge between Schwarzach Black Bruck- Gsteinach and Brückkanal during wet.
The formed by the Schwarzach, often narrow valley pushes to the east and northeast by the Franconian Alb, in the south and north it borders on vast forests, to the west it opens the Rednitztal.
The Schwarzachtal
History of Schwarzachtals
Around 650 settlers came baierische prior to Schwarzachtal and 725 were forced back by the coming of the West Franks.
The Schwarzach was for many years the boundaries between the city of Nuremberg in the north, the Margraviate of Ansbach in the south and the Upper Palatinate wittelsbacherischen in the east. Same here ran to the southeast, the important trade route between Nuremberg and Regensburg. Röthenbach at Sankt Wolfgang on the lower reaches of the Schwarzach was due to the major improvement in the salt trade trade route to Augsburg.
With industrialization also Schwarzachtal experienced an upswing. 1830-1846 worked in the construction of thousands of Ludwig-Danube- Main Canal. The routing is based in this section on the course of Schwarzach. After completion of the railway between Nuremberg and Regensburg in 1871, which is also the Schwarzach followed in this area, the channel was used less and less.
The Schwarzachtal today
The valley is divided into three districts: the eastern, Upper Palatinate part of the town of Neumarkt, the middle part with the south of the district Nürnberger Land (from Altdorf to wet ) and the western part to Wendelstein in the district of Roth. The railway lines and roads pretend orientations: the railway line wet Wendelstein was decommissioned in 1955, the railway line from wet to Neumarkt and the railway line wet -Altdorf and B8 of wetlands to Neumarkt allow multiple connections. Thus, the wet places, Black Bruck and Thann castle orient to Nuremberg, but partly also to Neumarkt, Altdorf is a separate small center and Wendelstein looks to Schwabach.
Examples of cooperation in the middle part are the Founded in 1962, " Sewer purpose association Schwarzach group " ( Black Bruck, Thann castle, Altdorf ) and the "VHS Schwarzachtal " ( Altdorf, Thann castle, wet, Leinburg, Black Bruck, Winkelheid ).
Structures
Along the Schwarzach many castles and palaces were built: the castle Thann, the Petz'sche Castle in Black Bruck, Castle Green Mountain, Castle Wolfenstein in Neumarkt and lock ball-peen hammer in Röthenbach b. St. Wolfgang. Later rich families built Nuremberg mansions. The Faber Castle in Black Bruck was built in the late 19th century.
In Gnadenberg the monastery Gnadenberg, a Birgittenkloster was built, which was repealed in 1563 and destroyed in the Thirty Years' War by the Swedes. Near Grünberg 1720, the then Lord of the Manor J. Paumgartner erected a source version, including pool and stairs for his wife Sophie.
Riverside numerous mills were built: Neumarkt the Eratsmühle between Oberölsbach and Gnadenberg the monastery mill, near Altdorf the Prethalmühle between Thann castle and Schwarzenbruck the hammer mill ( 1160/90 ), the Forresmühle ( 1361 ) and Neumühlestrasse ( 1499 ), the hammer ball-peen hammer in Röthenbach b. St. Wolfgang and in Wendelstein the paper mill.
The built in the 19th century roads had to cross the Schwarzach: South of wet a trough bridge (Bridge channel) and east of Ochenbruck built a large railway bridge. 2005, the new Schwarzach Viaduct was completed for the high-speed line Nuremberg -Ingolstadt- Munich.