Scott Kelly (astronaut)
- STS- 103 (1999)
- STS- 118 (2007)
- Soyuz TMA -01M (2010/ 2011) ISS Expedition 25
- ISS Expedition 26
Scott Joseph Kelly ( born February 21, 1964 in Orange, New Jersey, USA ) is an American astronaut. His six minutes older twin brother Mark is also spaceman.
Life
Kelly was born in the town of Orange grew up and went to school he is in the city a few miles away in West Orange. He and his native of Georgia Mrs. Leslie have two children.
Kelly left 1982 Mountain High School in West Orange. In New York, he began to study electrical engineering. The Maritime College of the State University of New York ( SUNY ) in Throgs Neck gave him in May 1987 the bachelor's degree. Then he graduated from the Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida, pilot training on a propeller aircraft of type T -34 "Mentor ". There followed a training on jet aircraft at the Naval Air Station in Beeville, Texas.
Kelly was the fighter squadron VF -143 " Pukin ' Dogs" allocated, after he had completed a further course on the aircraft model F-14 " Tomcat ". The VF -143 is located on the Naval Air Station Oceana in Virginia Beach, Virginia, stationed and forms with other units of the Carrier Air Wing Seven ( CVW -7). 1990 Kelly was there with the VF -143 aboard the aircraft carrier "USS Dwight D. Eisenhower " between March and September at its sixth deployment in the Mediterranean. After a job at the Naval Air Station Fallon in Nevada in May 1991, CVW -7 was sent to the "USS Eisenhower " to support "Operation Desert Storm". End of September 1991 we ran with the aim of Persian Gulf. After the end of combat operations in the Second Gulf War, the squadron took part on the way back to the U.S. on a NATO exercise in March 1992. The "USS Eisenhower " was part of the " Teamwork 92 ", which was held for two weeks in the fjords of Norway. Before Kelly left the VF -143, he took in August 1992 on the maiden voyage of the just placed into service "USS George Washington" part.
As of January 1993, he attended the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School ( USNTPS ) in Patuxent River, Maryland, and was trained as a test pilot. After that, Kelly worked with his brother at the Strike Aircraft Test Squadron, located at the USNTPS. He tested modifications to the aircraft F-14 " Tomcat " and F/A-18 " Hornet ". He then continued his studies and received in 1996 by the University of Tennessee in Knoxville a master's degree in aviation systems.
Astronauts activity
Scott Kelly was doing his final exams when NASA in 1996 for the 16th astronaut group chose him, with a thickness of 35 contenders ( pause ) n the largest group since the legendary " Thirty Five New Guys" made in 1978. Kelly was one of the total of 2,432 candidates ( inn ) s, which corresponded to the formal selection criteria. It emerged 123 finalists who visited between October 1995 and February 1996, the Johnson Space Center in Houston to conduct interviews and to be medically examined.
For the first time in the history of the NASA astronaut selection had come with the Kelly Twins in the finals and were nominated. Scott and his identical twin brother Mark are trained naval and test pilots and were 32 years old when the 16th astronaut group was introduced in May 1996. ( The average age of the 1996 group was 36 years ).
Mid- August 1996 began Mark and Scott Kelly, along with the 42 other candidates - 10 pilots ( including the two Kellys ), 25 mission specialists and 9 international candidates - the two-year basic training. Scott Kelly was employed after his basic training for shuttle pilots from autumn 1998 in the Department of Space Systems of the Astronaut Office.
Mid- March 1999, Kelly was set up for his first mission: STS -103 was a maintenance and repair mission of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and took place in December 1999. Just two days after the launch, the Discovery had the HST so far approached, that it could be captured and locked in the payload bay. In the next few days followed by three extravehicular activities ( EVAs ), in which four astronauts prepares an appropriate repairs. After eight days, the flight was a night landing at an end. STS -103 was the way to Apollo 8 in 1968, Skylab 4, 1973 had the third mission in the American astronauts spend Christmas in space.
In 2000, Kelly worked as a liaison for NASA ( Director of Operations ) in Star City near Moscow. End of March 2001 he was nominated as a reserve astronaut Peggy Whitson and his colleague for the 5th ISS resident crew. He trained with her, but did not play.
Already twice went Scott Kelly, who is a trained scuba diver since August 1979 for NASA into the water. Astronaut Rex Walheim and, together with four other volunteers in September 2002, he spent one and a half weeks in the underwater laboratory "Aquarius". In April 2005, he returned among others, Michael Gernhardt for two days in the underwater world back. These two excursions were held as part of the NEEMO program. For years, the U.S. space agency, this " NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations " by. NASA closed to the National Weather Service NOAA, the laboratory part of the Florida coast, a cooperation agreement. The Aquarius is a 80-ton steel structure, which is anchored since 1987, six kilometers off the coast of Key Largo on the seabed 18 meters. Due to space limitations correspond approximately to those of the Zvezda module of the ISS.
Mid-December 2002 Kelly was installed as commander of STS- 118. The originally planned for November 2003 mission had to be postponed because of the crash of the Columbia half a year before. The flight took place in August 2007.
Scott Kelly led an extended stay through on board the International Space Station (ISS ). He was the ISS expeditions allocated 25 and 26 and from October 2010 to March 2011 aboard the space station, where he took command in November 2010. The return flight was performed with the Soyuz spacecraft Soyuz TMA -01M.
Together with Mikhail Korniyenko he is from the spring of 2015 a year on the ISS stay at the effects of weightlessness on the human body for a longer period to test.
Awards
Selection of decorations, sorted on the basis of the Order of Precedence of Military Awards:
- Defense Superior Service Medal (2 × )
- Legion of Merit
- Distinguished Flying Cross
- Navy & Marine Corps Achievement Medal
- Navy Unit Commendation (2 × )
- National Defense Service Medal (2 × )
- Southwest Asia Service Medal