Sea shanty

A Shanty [ ʃæntɪ ] is a sailor song with chorus.

History

The English word shanty is detectable only in the second half of the 19th century. The etymology is unclear, perhaps it is derived from French chanter, "to sing. "

Shanties are songs of the sailors Community to hard labor on sailing ships before the mast and can be in their origin from about 1450 ( the so-called " Complayant of Scotland " ) dates back to about 1875 with the advent of steamships. A sung by shantyman solo part, which is often improvised, is replaced by a refrain line of the team.

Due to the nature of work and the different origins ( slave ships, whalers, pirates, warships, etc.), also different types of shanties have formed. For example, to weigh the anchor ( Capstan Shanty ) or to set the sail ( halyard shanty ). The famous Shanty What shall we do with a drunken Sailor (originally Early in the morning ) was sung when replacing the team in march rhythm. Other activities requiring correspondingly other rhythms. Of course shanties were sung in the evenings in the social gathering. As with other songs, for example, from the country music, current events of the day could be immediately reflected with the texts.

Due to the international nature of seafaring shanties quickly made the rounds and mingled with sailor and folk songs. Often you can find so German texts to English shanties. Here is known version of The Banks of Sacramento (the music comes from a Christian manner and was in 1849 when the so-called "Great Immigration " to California and is thus not strictly speaking Shanty ). In a variation of it is sung in Low German as De Hamborger Veermaster.

Choirs and performers

The traditional songs of the shanties is now maintained by " Shanty choirs " that formed mainly in or near port or coastal cities, and the most completely or predominantly composed of men. In northern Germany, and in particular at the Waterkant the appearance of " shanty choirs " is part of the cultural heritage, but is now regarded as part of the local tourist offer. Several recent shanties were first performed in the documentary Windjammer (1958) and were Germanized in the repertoire of choirs.

The soloists exclusive shanty performers are rarely found; these include, for example, the Bremerhaven Günther Bockelmann or the very well-known in Poland shanty singer and lyricist Jerzy Porebski. However shanties are part of the repertoire of some songwriters such as Achim Reichel or Hannes Wader, and partly also of pop singers, such as Sven Jenssen or Peter Petrel.

2012 celebrated the band Santiano with a mixture of Irish folk and sea shanties in Germany successes.

Shantychor Ottersdorf, otter village in Lower Saxony

North Sea Choir Büsum, from Büsum in Schleswig-Holstein

Jerzy Porebski, Polish shanty singer and lyricist

The Shanty Crew X -Berg in Berlin -Kreuzberg on the Crelle Choir Festival 2011 in Berlin Schöneberg

Clips

  • "Aloha He sung by Shantychor Kiel Fjord (MP3, 5.6 MB)
  • Preview on shantymen.de
  • Long Drag Shanty " Haul Away Joe" sung by the Berlin shanty crew X -berg
  • "Musical Message from Flensburg sung by the promotion seagulls "
  • Preview Queen - Mary -2- anthem

Literature (selection )

  • Obermair Gilbert (ed.): Shanties. The rough songs of the old seafaring people. Heyne, München 1983, ISBN 3-453-41528-0.
  • Stan Hugill: Shanties from the Seven Seas. Shipboard Work- Songs and Songs Used from the Great Days of Sail. Mystic Seaport Museum Publications, Mystic, Conn.. 2003, ISBN 0-913372-70-6 ( Nachdr d ed Routledge, London 1984).
  • Stan Hugill: Windjammer songs. The rough life and the funny songs of the old seafaring people. Claassen Verlag, Dusseldorf 1978, ISBN 3-546-44893-6.
  • Hermann Strobach, Jens Gerlach: Shanties. Adaptations of English and Scandinavian songs. Delius Klaing, Bielefeld 1978, ISBN 3-7688-0084-9 ( Nachdr d ed Books Gutenberg, Frankfurt / M. 1971).
  • Konrad Tegtmeier: Old sailor songs and shanties. E. Hauswedell & Co., Hamburg, 1951.
  • Richard R. Terry: Sailor Shanties. II In: Music & Letters, Vol 1 (1920 ), No. 3, pp. 256-268, ISSN 0027-4224
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