Selby
Selby is a town in the English county of North Yorkshire and the seat of the homonymous district Selby. Selby had in the census in the year 2001 13.012 inhabitants, making it the largest city in the district.
- 4.1 Sport
- 5.1 Coal Mining
- 5.2 shipbuilding
- 5.3 traffic
Geography
Selby is located in the very south of the county the River Ouse, some 20 km south of York, 30 km east of Leeds, 30 km north of Doncaster and 40 km west of Kingston upon Hull.
History
The river Ouse also plays in a second legend of the city a role. Thus a monk named Benedict of Auxerre in the 11th century have had the vision to build an abbey in a particular place. In 1069 he was then, as he traveled the river with a boat, three swans on the particular point in his vision - was pointed - the place Selby.
Proven an abbey by Benedict of Auxerre in 1069 in Selby was founded. Their construction should last for a century. The interior of Selby Abbey is modeled on the resulting 1093 from Durham Cathedral. A resulting in the 14th century stained glass in the Abbey includes the coat of arms of those Washington family, was to be born in 1723 in the George Washington. The Selby Abbey is now one of the few completely preserved and largest British churches from the Middle Ages.
The Abbey was closed in the wake of the dissolution of the English monasteries under Henry VIII in 1539, but they could be saved from demolition in contrast to the majority of churches North Yorkshire. 1618, the Abbey was declared a parish church of Selby.
1644 occurred during the English Civil War, the important Battle of Selby.
1840 Selby received with the opening of the railway line Hull- York connection to the railway network. 1841 was followed by a railway line from Selby to Leeds.
Policy
Selby has a town council ( Selby Council) consisting of 18 deputies. Elections are held every four years, the last in May 2007. Moreover, in Selby District Council meets Selby ( Selby District Council ), which consists of seven members. In North Yorkshire County Council, the district Selby is represented by two representatives, who are appointed by the former. Selby Selby is located in the constituency and is currently represented in the House by Representative John Grogan. The constituency itself is on a European level part of the constituency of Yorkshire and the Humber European Parliament.
Twinning
Selby is twinned with
Culture and sights
Sports
The football club of the city is Selby Town. He currently plays in the Northern Counties East Premier Division neuntklassigen and plays its home matches at the stadium at the Flaxley Road. For sponsorship reasons, the sports complex was renamed by Selby Times Stadium. In brief, the association will move into a new stadium with a higher capacity and better accessibility. The Rugby Union Club Selby RUFC plays its home games in the stadium at Sandhill Lane. The stadium is currently being rebuilt, a new seat grandstand will include built and modernized the dressing rooms. In addition, the city is still the Rugby League club Selby Warriors has.
Economy and infrastructure
Coal mining
Over a period of about 20 years took place in the area around the town of Selby coal industry. With the development of the local coal fields in the framework of the so -called " Selby complex" was started in the 1970s. These were the last new development of a coal field in the UK and one of the largest underground mining projects in the world. The original plan, according to ten million tons of coal to be mined over a period of 40 years and be burned in the nearby power plants such as the Drax power station.
After about several years of planning was on 29 October 1976, a first bore in Wistow, a neighboring village Selby started. In 1978 the work on the future mines Riccall and Stillingfleet and the shaft Gascoigne Wood were begun in 1979 with the mine North Selby and 1980 with the mine Whitemoor. In June 1983, the coal was taken in the Colliery Wistow, in January 1988 in Riccall, Stillingfleet and Whitemoor and finally in January 1991 in North Selby. The entire development of the coal field cost about 1.4 billion British pounds.
All mines were connected underground and extended during the day in an area of around 285 km ². The subsidized coal was not brought from November, 1985 to the mines, but of the possibilities offered at this time inclined shafts in Gascoigne Wood to the surface. At peak times the mines of " Selby complex" fostered over ten million tons of coal. The highest production was achieved in the financial year 1993/94 with 12.091 million tons. At that time, employed the " Selby complex" about 4,000 workers.
Mid -1990s had to be limited to seven to eight million tonnes per year of mining geological reasons. At the concentration of mining on geologically safer areas, the mine, the mine Whitemoor North Selby a year later with the mine Stillingfleet was merged in July 1996 with the mine Riccall. Falling coal prices, while rising production costs led to the end of the 1990s, the once profitable mines of " Selby complex" losses generated - from 1999 to 2002 a total of about 93 million British pounds. In July 2002 the operators of the " Selby complex", UK Coal, announced its intention to close the mines gradually. The British Department of Trade and Industry had recommended the task of mining to Selby in a report. The mine closed in May 2004 Wistow, Stillingfleet in July 2004. Was on 26 October 2004 with the closure of the mine and the mine Riccall Gascoigne Wood coal mining in " Selby complex" ended.
Shipbuilding
Selby was also known for its tradition in shipbuilding. The city formerly possessed an important harbor on the Selby Canal which connects the Ouse with Leeds, where it joins the Aire. In Selby, among other things, the formerly operated by Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior II was built.
Traffic
From 2001 to 2004, a ring road was built south and east of Selby, which reduced the volume of traffic in the city noticeable. Until then, put a swing bridge over the Ouse a huge bottleneck for through traffic dar. in north-south direction Selby is now affected by the A19 (Newcastle - Doncaster), in east-west direction leads the A63 ( Hull Leeds ) on the city over. To the south and west there are connections to the M62 and A1 (M).
Selby is an important railway junction. There are direct connections to London ( King's Cross Station ), Leeds, Manchester ( Piccadilly train station ), York and other destinations. Arriva operates a network of bus routes to Selby, among other things, there are bus routes to York, Leeds, Goole, Doncaster, Pontefract and Wakefield.
The Ouse at Selby is navigable. Noted the river earlier still an important transport route for the industry in Yorkshire, as it is used today mostly for tourism.
The nearest airports are Leeds / Bradford and Doncaster / Sheffield and are both about 50 miles from Selby.
Personalities
- Robert Aske (1500-1537), lawyer
- Henry I (1068-1135), King of England
- Arthur Hinsley (1865-1943), Archbishop of Westminster
- Jonathan Hutchinson (1828-1913), surgeon, dermatologist and pathologist
- James Stephenson (1889-1941), actor
- Smithson Tennant (1761-1815), Chemist