Semiosphere

As semiospheres a complex is characterized by several language systems by Yuri Mikhailovich Lotman with each other in a functional relationship.

• 2.1 Example

Concept of the language system

The linguist Ferdinand de Saussure introduced in 1916, the distinction between the current process of speaking (parole ) and the permanent system of language ( langue ) a. The speech system - as Saussure - Offered by its sub-components, such as the syntax, the supply of linguistic signs and the coverability of the characters to each other about the very foundation and prerequisite is that people can talk to each other.

Example

Spoken analog, the relationship between language and the language system is similar to a drinking glass (as "System") that the condition for this is, in case of need water to transport ( "meaning" ) from A to B. In the system, " drinking glass " multiple sub-elements here are already assembled to form a functional unit, ie the side walls, the floor and the opening at the top edge of the glass are available in a higher-level context of meaning of the " container ", which only comes important and useful if, for example, the features of the " physical gravity " are thought along.

The relationship between language systems in the semiospheres

The Kultursemiotiker JM Lotman introduced the concept of semiospheres ( Semio = Latin for " the", sphere = "space" ) in order to refer to this mutual reference of language systems. Lotman writes:

"How one can assume now, no sign systems are found in the reality that on its own work completely accurately and uniquely functional [...] They only work because they are involved in a particular semiotic continuum, with different semiotic structures type which are at different levels of organization, is filled to. Such a continuum we want [... ] refer to as semiospheres. "

Relevant to Lotman determination are his notes on the different " levels of organization " of semiospheres. A language system does not occupies a certain place in a hierarchically ordered system; rather, it will Lotman to the quality and range of compounds undergoing speech systems together.

Example

To explain and illustrate the analogy of the drinking glass is used again: The Glass is already part of semiospheres because it ( ... "Gravity ", " water") has a functional reference ( " container ") to other systems. If the glass of water as characters in a play used ( " thirst thirsty! A kingdom for a glass of water !"), Its coupling still be extensive and therefore more complex level of organization and quality.