Serenade

The Serenade (it. sereno cheerful, al sereno under the blue sky, outdoor, also sera evening ) is an evening serenade or evening music in the free form, usually listed as an open-air music, entertaining character. The term can be proved from the 17th century. Regardless of the performance mode is meant for the Viennese Classical Serenade under a suite -like instrumental piece with a larger number of sets, the name Serenade is used only with regard to the compositional idea of presenting an evening music.

In contrast, the Aubade called a morning song.

In a particular form, a Serenade also be part of the military ceremony in front of the grand tattoo of the Bundeswehr, the percentages given for honorable personalities (eg, Federal President, Federal or Federal Minister of Defence in their adoption to the office at the end ) this wish up to four pieces of music allowed.

Development

The early serenades of classical music (including Haydn, Mozart and Salieri ) like led some wind instruments ( oboes, bassoons, horns, clarinets), as is fitting for an outdoor music. With the introduction of Serenade in the concert hall - which is already to be found in Mozart - came more and more to string instruments to create a orchestraleres sound.

Beethoven wrote two serenades for chamber Instrumentation, Op. 8 for (violin, viola and cello), and Op. 25 for Flute, Violin and Viola, attributable to the serenades is also the Trio Op. 88 for two oboes and English horn.

Characteristic of former serenades was also that all instruments were used concertante, ie it was aimed for a balance of all the instruments involved; Also, this feature is no longer found in serenades from the classical or romantic.

Serenades for pure wind instruments also composed:

  • Antonín Dvořák ( Op. 44)
  • Joseph Haydn
  • Franz Krommer
  • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (including Nachtmusique C minor KV 388, KV 361, KV 375 )
  • Antonín Reicha
  • Antonio Salieri (including Armonia Tempio della notte per un -flat major )

Known Strings serenades wrote among others:

  • Max Bruch ( Serenade for Swedish Melodies Op. Posth )
  • Antonín Dvořák ( Op. 22)
  • Edward Elgar ( Op. 20)
  • Robert Fuchs (Opp. 9, 14, 21, 51 )
  • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ( Eine kleine Nachtmusik KV 525 )
  • Josef Suk ( Op. 6)
  • Heinrich Ferdinand Thieriot ( Op. 44)
  • Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( Op. 48)
  • Robert Volkmann (Opp. 62, 63 and 69)

Serenades for full orchestra:

Only two typical properties were obtained from the earlier Serenade to this day: that it has (usually, but not always) more sets than the Sonata and that these sets are minimalist in terms of execution - ie the whole lighter and kept free than in the symphony and Suite. Usually the Serenade has several minuet sets and as a core one or two slow movements. Beginning and end had originally set the shape of the march.

Film

Serenade is also the title of a German film from 1937 ( Director: Willi Forst, Music: Peter Kreuder )

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