Sheikh Abdullah
Sheikh Mohammed Abdullah ( born December 5, 1905 in Surah at Srinagar, † September 8, 1982 in Srinagar ) was an Indian Muslim politician of Kashmir and head of government of the special rights which enjoys state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Born the son of a scarf Weber 1905 Abdullah has already appeared in the 1920s for social reform. The later as " Sher -i Kashmir" - ( " Lion of Kashmir " ) praised Muslim founded very early in the All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference, which was to unite all the Muslim and non- Muslim Kashmiris. However, they never achieved the intended effect of its founder, as the traditional religious Muslims soon left the federal government and in turn the All India Kashmir Committee justified.
However, the secession of the fundamentalists beneficiary already in the 1930s, the approach to Jawaharlal Nehru, the leader of the Indian National Congress ( INC), the Abdullah had earlier as well as the British Kolonialprätendenten, Lord Mountbatten, always attacked. However, the Sheikh promised his followers the detachment from the Dogra - Hindu domination and freedom, democracy and social reform, while Nehru primarily a free, united and independent India had in its sights. Said Nehru in 1935 yet, the Indian National Congress recognize as valid, " that the peoples of the Indian princely states no less right to Swaraj (independence ) than the people of British India, " he four years later stressed a sovereign Kashmir come for him out of the question because India had reached its freedom through unity.
In the following decade initially remained from both the hard break between the pragmatic partners as well as the clarification of the Kashmir issue, so Abdullah from 1947 to 1953 served as Prime Minister of Kashmir. However, since he opposed to the complete annexation to India, one first sent him into exile, only to detain him until April 8, 1964 for ten years. After a break he came again to January 1968 in detention to be then sent back into exile.
In 1972, the return home he was allowed. Officially, he was off of all political influence. Behind the scenes, however, Abdullah worked actively in the political process. Thus, even after the meeting between Zulifikar Ali Khan Bhutto and Indira Gandhi still unresolved Kashmir issue remained in his sphere of influence. As a courtesy Abdullah dropped in February 1975 its call for a referendum on the future of Kashmir, to agree with the Indian central government.
On February 25, 1975, the " Lion of Kashmir " to the Chief Minister of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir State has been appointed. At the age of 76 years he died on September 8, 1982 in Srinagar.