Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir

Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir al - ʿ Umawi (Arabic عدي بن مسافر الاموي, Kurdish: Şêx ADI; * 1073-1078 in Bait FAAR at Baalbek in Lebanon, † 1162 or 1163 in Lalish ) was a jesidscher chief, one of the first Sufi order founded and is considered the most important saint of the Yazidis.

Life

ʿ Adi ibn Musafir was a descendant of Umayyad Caliph Marwan I. He spent his youth in Baghdad, where he studied with the Sufi master Hammad ad - Dabbas, who was also the teacher of ʿ Abd al - al - Jilani Qādir. After several trips, he settled in the mountains of Hakkari, where he continued his Sufi training at al - ʿ Uqail Manbidschī, Abū l - Wafa al - Hulwānī and other sheikhs.

The founded by ʿ Adi and named after him ʿ Adawiyya Medal tradition spread throughout the Middle East, particularly Syria and Egypt. So, for example, al - Khidr Mihrānī, the sheikh of the Mamluk ruler Baybars I, a member of this Order. Over time, the Kurdish tribes from around Hakkari joined his order.

From Sheikh ʿ adi four writings have been preserved: the doctrine of the Sunnis (I ʿ tiqād ahl as- sunna ), The Book of the formation of the soul ( Kitāb fī -hi dhikr adab an-nafs ), instructions of Sheikh ʿ Adi ibn Musafir in the successor ( Wasaya aš - Shaykh ʿ Adi ibn Musafir ila l - Halifa ) and instructions to his disciple, the leading sheikh, and the other murids ( Wasaya li - Muridi - hī aš - Shaykh al -qa ʾ id wa -li - sā ʾ ir al - murīdīn ). They differ in content not from the traditional Islamic teaching. This is consistent with the statement of the Hanbali scholar Ibn Taymiyya, the Sheikh ʿ Adi as a sincere Muslim described who followed the Sunnah of the Prophet.

Shaykh ʿ Adi died in 1162/63 childless and was buried in Lalish. The ʿ Adawiya Order was continued by his nephew Abu l - Barakat ibn ibn Musafir Sachr. Within this order, the reverence for the Sheikh was so strong that it made ​​his grave with the new Qibla. Because of the grave was desecrated by angry Muslims in 1414 and his bones desecrated. Later, the grave was re-established.

Adoration by the Yazidis

Of the Yezidi Sheikh ʿ Adi as an innovator of their religion and at the same time as the reincarnation of Melek Taus ( ' Peacock Angel " ) is considered, which came to help the Yazidis in a difficult situation. From jesidischer view it should be also have been from birth a Jeside and received his extraordinary spiritual abilities Melek Taus from personally. Sheikh Adi's grandfather is said to have lived in the mountains of Hakkari until his forced emigration to Syria. The Yazidis point out that Sheikh Adi in a speech with Sheikh Shems, the then head of all Yazidis, assured that he accepts the beliefs of Sheikh Shems family for themselves.

At the grave of Sheikh Adi found in Lalish every year from 6th to 13th October, the Yazidi " Feast of the Assembly " ( Jashne Jimaiye ) instead.