Shrine

As the shrine is known in the history of Western art, both the large, house shaped, usually clad in precious metal receptacle for the bones of a saint ( reliquary ) and the cabinet -like opening of a center piece with wings closed Schnitzretabels ( shrine ).

Also at the heart of temples, it was a piece of furniture or a building for the storage of cultic and sacred objects or whereabouts of divine beings can be called a shrine; it is next to the ( derived from the table ) altar the second important cultic element of a sacred building, both also occur in combined form.

Word origin

The word shrine is an early loan word, latin scrinium can already be found in Old High German scrîni in the neuter gender, and the Middle High German schrîn, m. and n ( which 'or' the shrine '), with the former displaced the latter more.

Basic meaning is, box, box ', a lockable piece of furniture, both in size and standing as a closet or chest, as well as hanging in particular as a wall box, and synonymous to the original concept of charging - hence the name, carpenters ' for carpenters. Until the 19th century the meaning in normal usage is equally profane as evidenced sacral, Grimm's German Dictionary (from 1854) are " containers for the preservation of objects of cultus, especially of relics, usually richly decorated " as well as " in general application verschlieszbares to containers for storage of jewels, jewelery, money, dresses, etc. in the developed neuhochd. written language only in selected expression as synonymous with cabinet, so as upright or on the wall-mounted to containers (meaning crate, load it is no longer in use ) "as well as a special meaning coffin (' dead box ') " merging into the meaning of coffin, first of those receiving the sacred or venerable ossuary, then in general gebrauche ".

The religious-scientific aspect prevails only been in modern times and has evolved over, venerable ' - Grimm says: - towards "otherwise in closer meaning of a derived by material, artistic work or content- precious drooping to containers, especially from an old time. " the object of cultic, and is in this sense to describe the designs of the rite non-Christian religions.

The shrine in ancient Egypt

The Shrine, also known as Naos, refers in ancient Egypt has a long tradition that dates back to the early dynastic period, where he served as a reput for the sheltering of images of God. The shrine was in ancient Egyptian mythology as the " interior of the sky ", ie the residence of the gods. Next to God and king pictures were kept to allow the daily temple ritual of the priests and other cults in the private sector all citizens in it.

Shrines in the Christian church

The high time the reliquaries was the late 12th to 14th century. In the goldsmith's art in the Rhine and Meuse is derived from the sarcophagus basic shape became rich with figures and architectural elements decorated, home- like structures. These shrines are among the major works of medieval goldsmith's art. Often placed in conjunction with an altar reliquary is in a function-like, but not positive and evolutionary related to the shrine. This term refers to the cabinet or box-like, equipped with figurative carving and with door-type " wings of the altar " lockable central part of the triptych. Also he could, especially in its early examples from the 14th century to serve as a place of storage or presentation of relics. However, a mono-causal derivation of the winged altar shrine of relics cabinets is not retained in the recent research. By the end of the Middle Ages, the dimensions and quantities of the manufactured equipment for the church altar shrines increase, the winged altar rapidly loses importance.

Other contexts

  • Particular importance in Baha'i faith have the shrines in Haifa and Acre, which travel thousands of pilgrims annually.
  • Particular importance in Judaism has the Torah shrine in which, in every synagogue, the Torah scrolls are kept.
  • The places of worship of the Japanese Shinto are usually called Shinto shrines in German, in contrast to the temples of Buddhism.
  • Likewise, traditional places of worship of various African religions are called shrines.
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