Siah Bishe Pumped Storage Power Plant
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The pumped storage power plant Siah Bisheh, also written Siah Bishe Siyahbisheh and is currently in the Alborz Mountains near the village of Siah Bisheh and 48 km south of Chalus in the Iranian province of Mazandaran in construction. The power plant will operate as a pump storage power plant to generate electricity during periods of high energy demand, making it a peak load power plant to meet the demand in Tehran, which is 60 km south. When it's finished, it will have an installed generator power of 1040 MW and a pump power of 940 MW. Planning for the project began in the 1970s and the construction in 1985. He was delayed between 1992 and 2001 and was finished to 90 percent in April 2012. The upper and lower basins were dammed in 2013. The power plant will be the first pumped storage power plant in Iran and is also the first CFR dams of the country (both Absperrbauwerke on the upper and lower basin).
Planning and operation
The power plant is operated with an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir, between which a power plant is located, either water from the lower pumped into the upper, which is stored there, or there is water drained from the upper to the lower basin to generate electricity. Pumped at night during periods of low demand and cheaper electricity, and electricity is produced in times of high demand and expensive electricity during day hours. This process is controlled as it is needed.
The upper and lower basins are both formed from a CFR dam. The river Chalus here has an average discharge of 67.1 m³ / s The upper dam is 82.5 m high and 436 m long. It consists of 1.55 million m³ of bulk material and is at the dam 12 m wide at the base, 280 m. The storage space is 4.34422 million m³ in size, of which 3.5 million m³ of usable space and a water surface of 141 hectares. The reservoir water level is at 2406.5 m above sea level, and the catchment area is 19.3 hectares.
The lower dam is the larger of the two; it is 102 m high and 332 m long. It will consist of 2,300,000 m³ of fill material that is at the dam crest width of 12 m and 360 m at the base. His dam is a storage volume of 6,874,709 m³ ( 3,600,000 m³ of which are usable space ) and a water surface of 141 ha Both dams are equipped with a spillway with spillway chute. The top of the dam is the maximum removal capacity of 203 m³ / s and lower have 198.25 m³ / s The normal water level of the upper reservoir is at 2406.5 m be and the lower reservoir to 1905.4 m, a hydraulic height of fall from 520.8 to 470.8 m makes (net 504 m).
From the upper reservoir go two tunnels of 5.7 m diameter. They are up to the moated castle 2225 m (left) and 2185 m (right ) long. From there it goes through 680 m long pressure tunnel to the power station, which is close to the lower basin. There, each pressure tunnel divides again to supply four Francis turbines and pump generators. The pump generators have a generator output of 260 MW, and a pump power of 235 MW. Turbines each operating at a flow rate of 65 m³ / s The power generated is converted by transformers to a voltage of 400 kV. From the power plant, the water flows through two tunnels (197 m and 159 m long) in the lower basin. During pump operation the machine pumps the water through the same wires up. Each pump delivers here is 50 m³ / s
The total cost was estimated at the equivalent of 380 million U.S. $.