Siegfried Passarge

Otto Karl Siegfried Passarge ( born November 28, 1866 in Königsberg ( Prussia); † July 26, 1958 in Bremen ) was a German geographer and geologist from East Prussia. He contributed significantly to regional studies in Africa and is regarded as the founder of landscape geography.

Life

The son of the Higher Regional Court Council and travel writer Ludwig Passarge attended Frederick College ( Collegium Fridericianum ) in Königsberg. After high school he studied geography in Berlin and Jena. In 1892 he laid out the additional examinations in medicine. After the doctorate in the field of geology.

For his military service, he emerged as a doctor. From 1894 Passarge worked as a physician in Berlin and took part in an expedition to Adamawa, at the northern borders of the former German colony of Cameroon were determined. Its geographical and geological studies of the Benue basin set standards.

In the years 1896-1899 Passarge traveled as a geologist of the Company British West charter country southern Africa. It was the opportunities to promote gold and diamonds in the Kalahari, investigated. 1901-1902 he took part in an expedition in the middle Orinoco in South America. 1906-1907 she traveled in Algeria.

1904-1905 Passarge was Associate Professor of Geography in Berlin. In 1905 he became professor of geography in Wroclaw. He joined in 1908 as a professor at the Colonial Institute in Hamburg, where he worked until 1936.

Already in the 1920s it fell to anti-Semitic remarks, so he was accused in 1929 to operate "Jew -eating propaganda." Nevertheless, it took the Leopoldina in 1925 as a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in 1926 as a corresponding member.

On November 1, 1933, he was taken in spite of the record lock in the NSDAP, for which he thanked him in a letter to Martin Bormann. On November 11, 1933, he was one of the signatories of the commitment of the professors at German universities and colleges to Adolf Hitler and the Nazi state.

Pass Arges research areas were mainly Africa and South America. He wrote numerous contributions to geomorphology and landscape customer.

Founder of landscape geography

A major research area Siegfried pass Arges was the landscape geography, as its founder, he is. He established this nunmehrige branch of geography in his three - volume textbook The Fundamentals of Landscape customer. In it, he raises the landscape to the central concept of geography. This should be regarded as "natural landscapes " those Erdräume and understand the [Quote ] in orography, geology, geomorphology, climate, irrigation, plant and animal life ... agree in all essential points. This was intended Passarge - who also was a geologist - end the dominance of the morphology in the landscape viewing.

This broader view of the main research object of geographers was, inter alia, in the following decades further developed by Otto Wernli, Kurt citizens and Dieter Steiner, however, still found to pass Arges lifetime a violent opposition in Alfred Hettner who wanted to place a comparative regional studies put a ladder of individual rooms ( continent, country, landscape, location).

Works (selection)

  • The Kalahari. In 1904.
  • South Africa., 1908.
  • Physiological morphology. In 1912.
  • The basics of landscape customer. 3 volumes. L. Friederichsen & Company in 1919 / 1920.
  • The landscape belt of the earth. Ferdinand Hirt, Wroclaw 1923.
  • Judaism as landschaftskundlich - ethnological problem. JF Lehmann Verlag, Munich 1929.
  • Geographic Ethnography. Safari -Verlag, Berlin, 1951.
  • Jacob Brafmann: The Book of the Kahal. Due to a new Germanization of the Russian original edited by Dr. Siegfried Passarge. 2 vols. Hammer Verlag, Leipzig 1928 ( digitized in the free - man collection of the University Library of the Goethe- University Frankfurt am Main] ).
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