Silicate minerals#Tectosilicates

As a framework silicates ( tectosilicates ) is called silicates, the silicate anions consist of a framework of corner-sharing SiO4 and AlO4Tetraeder.

Among those divisions of silicates with the feldspars and feldspar (eg, nepheline, leucite ), the most common minerals of the earth's crust. The technically important and widespread in nature minerals of the zeolite group are, with few exceptions, also tectosilicates.

The silicate frameworks enclose larger cavities in which cations such as SO4 find large K, Cs, Ca, Ba, Sr, or molecules like NH4, water or other complex anions space. Because of their generally loose structure of the framework silicates are characterized by a low density, refraction and average hardness (4-6).

Many of the Alumosilikatgerüste are crossed by wide, open channels ( zeolites), which can absorb and give off eg water or cations without the silicate structure is unstable. This is the basis the technical application of these minerals as ion exchangers or molecular sieves.

Leucite

Lasurit

Nosean

Natrolite

Edingtonite

Classification

Silicate classification according to Liebau

The classification of Liebau discusses the framework silicates as a nexus of silicate chains into frameworks that are unlimited in three dimensions and divided the framework silicates based on the periodicity and branching of the silicate chains which make up the layers.

Periodicity:

It indicates how many chain links silicate (SiO4 - tetrahedron ) repeats the structure of a chain.

Branching:

It indicates whether a silicate chain branching from other SiO 4 tetrahedra. A distinction is made between open branched silicate chains and cyclic branched silicate chains in which the branching of the chain SiO4 tetrahedra form closed rings.

Strunz

  • Sililkatgerüst of nepheline

View along the c-axis

  • Sililkatgerüst of orthoclase

View along the b axis

View along the c-axis

As with the phyllosilicates Strunz'sche the classification of framework silicates does not assume the nomenclature and criteria of Libau. The Strunz'sche system divides the framework silicates measuring the incorporation of zeolitic water in the structure in the departments " framework silicates ( tectosilicates ) without zeolitic H2O" (9F ) and " framework silicates ( tectosilicates ) with zeolitic H2O" ( 9G ). The further classification is based on the size and linkage of the silicate rings, from which make up the silicate frameworks as well as competition from other anions.

9.F framework silicates ( tectosilicates ) without zeolitic H2O

9.FA framework silicates ( Tektosilicates ) without additional anions

  • 9.FA.05 nepheline group
  • 9.FA.10 Malinkoit Group
  • 9.FA.15 Virgilit Group
  • 9.FA.25 Lisitsynit Group
  • 9.FA.30 feldspar: alkali
  • 9.FA.35 feldspar: plagioclase
  • 9.FA.40 Paracelsian Group
  • 9.FA.45 Svyatoslavit Group
  • 9.FA.50 slawsonite
  • 9.FA.55 Lisetit Group
  • 9.FA.60 Stronalsit Group
  • 9.FA.65 Danburit Group
  • 9.FA.70 Ling Unit
  • 9.FA.75 Kumdykolit

9.FB framework silicates ( Tektosilicates ) with additional anions

  • Sililkatgerüst of cancrinite

View along the c-axis

  • 9.FB.05 cancrinite - group
  • 9.FB.10 sodalite group
  • 9.FB.15

9.G framework silicates ( tectosilicates ) with zeolitic H 2 O; Family of zeolites

  • Sililkatgerüst of natrolite

View along channels of 6- rings

9.GA zeolites of four - ring chains connected via a fifth Si

  • 9.GA.05 natrolite group
  • 9.GA.10 Thomsonit Group
  • 9.GA.15 edingtonite Group

9.GB chains of simply connected of four -rings

  • Sililkatgerüst of analcime

View along channels of 6- rings

  • 9.GB.05 analcime group
  • 9.GB.10 Laumontite Group
  • 9.GB.15 Yugawaralite Group
  • 9.GB.20 Roggianit Group
  • 9.GB.25 Goosecreekit Group
  • 9.GB.30 Montesommait Group
  • 9.GB.35 Parthéit Group

9.GC double chains of four connected rings

  • Sililkatgerüst of phillipsite ( 9.GC.10 )

View along the b axis

View along the c-axis

  • 9.GC.05 gismondine Group
  • 9.GC.10
  • 9.GC.15 Merlinoit Group
  • 9.GC.20
  • 9.GC.25 Perlialith Group
  • 9.GC.30 boggsite Group
  • 9.GC.35

9.GD chains of five-card -rings

  • Sililkatgerüst of Levyn

View along the b axis

View along the c-axis

  • 9.GD.05 gmelinite Group
  • 9.GD.10
  • 9.GD.15 Levyn Group
  • 9.GD.20
  • 9.GD.25 Offretite Group
  • 9.GD.30 faujasite group
  • 9.GD.35 mordenite group
  • 9.GD.40 dachiardite Group
  • 9.GD.45 epistilbite Group
  • 9.GD.50 ferrierite group
  • 9.GD.55 bikitaite Group

9.GE panels with 4-4-1-1 structural units

  • Sililkatgerüst of heulandite

View along the b axis

View along the c-axis

  • 9.GE.05 heulandite group
  • 9.GE.10 Stilbite group
  • 9.GE.15 Stellerit Group
  • 9.GE.20 brewsterite Group

9.GF leucite -type scaffolding

  • Sililkatgerüst of Gottardiit

View along axis 011

Perspective view

  • 9.GF.05 Terranovait Group
  • 9.GF.10 Gottardiit Group
  • 9.GF.15 Lovdarit Group
  • 9.GF.20 Gaultit Group
  • 9.GF.30 Tschernichit Group
  • 9.GF.35 Mutinait Group
  • 9.GF.40 Tschörtnerit Group
  • 9.GF.50 Thornasit Group
  • 9.GF.55 Direnzoit Group

9.GG cages and double cages of 4 -, 6 -, and eightfold rings

  • 9.GG.05 Cowlesit Group

9.GH. unclassified zeolites

Lazurite Danburite Thomsonite
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