Șimleu Silvaniei

Şimleu Silvaniei (deprecated Şimlău or Simleul Sălajului; Schomlenmarkt German, Hungarian Szilágysomlyó ) is a town in the district in Salaj Crisana in Romania.

Geographical location

Şimleu Silvaniei located in the western hills of Romania ( Dealurile de Vest) and within which the valley floor Depresiunea Simleului on the upper reaches of the river Crasnei. The district capital Zalău located about 20 km to the east.

History

Oldest archaeological finds in the region date back to the 2nd century BC, the time of the Dacians. In the years 1797 and 1889 Treasure finds were made on the same property, from the 4/5 Century AD date and the ostgermanischer to the presence, probably gepidischer strains indicate.

The first mention of Şimleu Silvaniei is from 1251 under the name Vathasomlyowa. 1429 is mentioned a market.

The late medieval history of the city is much related to the name Báthory. This family, which provided several rulers of Transylvania, had its headquarters in the city. Since the 14th century their castle has been demonstrated. End of the 16th century, they built a mansion in the city; the castle fell into disrepair.

After the Battle of Mohács ( 1526) fell apart, the Kingdom of Hungary, had been among the Şimleu Silvaniei until then. The city became part of the Principality of Transylvania and had to suffer from then on until 1774 again under Turkish invasions. Also from the Kuruzenkriegen in 1700 of hostilities in the wake of the Revolution of 1848, the city was affected.

From the late 17th century until 1918, the town belonged to Austria - Hungary, after which they came to Romania. As a result of the Second Vienna Award was Şimleu Silvaniei 1940-1944 temporarily back to Hungary. During the Second World War, most of the residents in the city of Jews were deported to extermination camps.

The main industries of the city are wood processing, furniture and textile production, and the production of wine.

Population

1850 lived on the territory of today's 4,027 people, of whom about 60 % of Hungary. In 1920, designated from the then 7,954 inhabitants 3,511 as Hungary, 2701 as Romanians and 1,597 as Jews. Since the end of World War II put the Romanians, the majority of the population. In 1956, the number of Jews had fallen to 265. 1992 was achieved with 17,642 the highest population. As of the 2002 census, 16,066 residents were registered in the city, including 13,547 in the city proper, and 2,519 in the three local villages. 10,553 were Romanians, 4010 Hungarians, Roma 1425, 39 Slovaks, 14 German, two Jews and 23 other nationalities.

Traffic

Şimleu Silvaniei is located on a side track from Sacueni after Sarmasag. Through the city along the national road (drum National) DN 1H leads from Negreni after Aleşd. There are regular bus services, including by the Cluj- Napoca and Zalău.

Attractions

• Ruins of the Báthory castle (16th century)
• Monastery of the Holy Trinity in the village of Bic (1720/1994)
• Synagogue (1876 ), today the Holocaust Museum
• Catholic Church ( 1532)

Personalities

• Christopher Báthory (1530-1581), prince of Transylvania
• Stephen Báthory (1533-1586), prince of Transylvania and king of Poland - Lithuania
• Joe Pasternak (1901-1991), Hollywood film director
• Miklós Nyiszli (1901-1956), Jewish- Hungarian author
• Zoltan Farmati (1924-2006), the Romanian football player
• Liviu Antal (* 1989), the Romanian football player