Siphoviridae

The virus family Siphoviridae ( gr σίφων siphon: water tube ) includes bacteriophages of order Caudovirales with a linear, double-stranded DNA genome of approximately 22-121 kbp in length and 50-60 nm in diameter icosahedral capsid with a large 56-570 nm long, non- contractile tail. This tail portion is composed of stacked disks of 7-10 nm in diameter, which are made up of six identical subunits.

The genera within the Siphoviridae differ in the organization of the genome, the mechanisms of DNA packaging and the presence of a DNA polymerase. Some genera ( λ - similar to L5 -like viruses ) have an isometric capsid, in the other the capsid is elongated and non- isometric.

Important species of the family are the lambda phage, chi - phage and the phage Phi80. Besides the already eight genera comprising the family also 142 other species that are not assigned to a genus (for example, the Bacillus phage gamma ).

Siphoviridae have only bacteria and archaea to the host.

System

The Siphoviridae family includes the following genera and species classified:

Isometric capsid:

  • Genus λ -like viruses (3 species, 4 provisional species) Species Enterobacteria phage HK022
  • Species Enterobacteria phage HK97
  • Species Enterobacteria phage λ ( lambda phage, even bacteriophage lambda )
  • Species Enterobacteria phage T1
  • Species Enterobacteria phage T5
  • Species Vibrio phage 149 ( Type IV)
  • Species Mycobacterium phage D29
  • Species Mycobacterium phage L5

Non- isometric capsid:

  • Genus c2 -like viruses (2 species, 3 provisional, about 200 subtypes ) Species Lactococcus phage bIL67
  • Species Lactococcus phage c2
  • Species Methanobacterium phage ψM1
  • Species Streptomyces phage φC31
  • Species Enterobacteria phage N15
  • Species Yersinia phage PY54 (preliminary)
Virus classification National Center for Biotechnology Information
732492
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