Skwierzyna
Skwierzyna [ skfjɛʒɨna ] ( German: Schwerin on the Warta River ) is a town in the district Międzyrzecz in the Lubusz Voivodeship in Poland.
Name
The Polish name of the city is called in the following forms: Squeryn, Skwerin, Skwierzim, Zwerin 1312, Nowa Squerin 1313 Zweryn 1315 Swyryn 1390 Skwirzyna 1458 1493 1889 Skwyrzyna still occur the spellings Skwirzyna, Skwierzyna and Skwierzna. . The German name is Schwerin on the Warta River. The state capital of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern also bears the name Schwerin.
Geographical Location
The town lies at the mouth of the River Obra in the Warta River in the north of Lubusz Voivodeship. To the west of it, the 107 meter high Gallows Hill rises. About the North-South highway, the highway 3, it is directly connected with Szczecin and the Silesian industrial area. The large neighboring cities Landsberg and Green Mountain are 25 or 80 kilometers away. For both cities, there is also a railway connection. The nearest border crossing to Germany can be reached after 63 kilometers at Kuestrin.
History
The city was founded in 1295. Although Schwerin ad Warta was over five centuries of the Kingdom of Poland, the population was mostly always in German, especially if you count the Jews numerous representatives in place. The occupation of the site at the Obramündung was located 30 kilometers south of the Cistercian monks of the monastery paradise operated. King of Poland Przemysław II granted him in 1306 by German municipal law, which was clarified in 1406 by King Władysław II Jagiello to the Magdeburg Law. Your economic rise owes the city also Jagiello, who had in 1390 set up the trade route from Krakow to Szczecin. As the road led through Schwerin, which was directly on the border with Brandenburg, was here a customs station, which earned the city a lively trading activity.
After the Second Partition of Poland from 1793 Schwerin came under Prussian rule and was now in a new unit of South Prussia. When Napoleon conquered the early 19th century Europe, he created in 1807 the Grand Duchy of Warsaw, which Schwerin was back in a Polish territory. However, this state of affairs lasted only until 1815. Through the Congress of Vienna, Prussia was awarded, among others, the province of Posen awarded, this included Schwerin. It was incorporated with the Prussian administrative reform of 1818 in the district of Birnbaum. In 1887 the western part of the county Birnbaum was separated and added to a separate new named after the city district of Schwerin ( Warta ) into the province of Posen.
1910 Schwerin was connected to the railway line Landsberg - Birnbaum, and thus created the precondition that industry could develop. Thus, the city became a regional center for wood processing and textile manufacturing. As the Treaty of Versailles of 1919, large parts of the province of Posen came back to Poland, Schwerin was the newly formed Prussian province of Posen- West Prussia border slammed shut and was county town of the district of Schwerin ( Warta ). After the dissolution of Grenzmark 1938, the district was transferred to the province of Brandenburg. In 1939, when the last census was conducted in the Third Reich, the town had 7072 inhabitants. Since 1937, Schwerin was a garrison town.
From the war the city was at first largely spared. Only when the Red Army was destroyed in January 1945 to over 60%. After the end of World War II Schwerin became part of Poland.
Community
For urban and rural community Skwierzyna ( Gmina miejsko - wiejska ) belong the localities ( German name until 1945) with mayor's office ( sołectwo ):
- Dobrojewo (John optional)
- Gościnowo ( Alexanderdorf )
- Krobielewko (small Krebbel )
- Murzynowo ( morrn )
- Świniary ( Schweinert )
- Trzebiszewo ( Trebisch )
- Wiejce ( Waitze )
Furthermore, there are the following places without mayor's office:
- Jezierce ( Seewitz )
- Kijewice ( Kiewitz )
- Murzynowo - Lomno ( morrn - Mittelbusch )
- Nowy Dwór (Neuhaus )
- Rakovo ( crabs )
- Skrzynica ( Krinitze, 1938-1945 Warthetal )
- Warcin ( Wallhof )
Attractions
- St. Nicholas Church from the 15th century
- Town Hall of 1841 with neo-Gothic and neo-classical elements
- Granary from the beginning of the 19th century
- Statue of King Jagiello
Town Hall of 1841
Granary
Statue of King Jagiello
Twin Cities
- Bernau, Germany
- Bryansk, Russia
Since 1985 the Paderborn district Godfather circle of Skwierzyna.
Mayor of the City
Personalities
The most famous son of the city of Schwerin is the musician Johann Gottfried Piefke (1817-1884), who composed, among others, the march Prussia's Glory.
- Wolfram Neumann ( born 1943 ), orthopedic surgeon and university lecturer in Magdeburg
- Erich brick (1876-1950), German actor, director and theater manager