SLC19A1

The Folattransporter 1 (also: Reduced Folate Carrier, abbreviation RFC) is the protein that facilitates the input and discharge of reduced folate derivatives in and of vertebrate cells. It is a transport protein. In humans RFC is present in all tissue types, but especially in the placenta and liver.

RFC is ( transports only folic acid) in addition to the proton-coupled Folattransporter the main transport protein for folic acid derivatives. In addition, RFC is the major transporter for folate antagonists such as methotrexate. Variants of the protein by mutations in the SLC19A1 gene can lead to antifolate resistance or metabolic disorders. Operation of the RFC is well studied, although the structure is not yet fully known.

The catalyzed membrane transport:

It is an antiport. It is known that thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) can act as a anion.

In folate deficiency the production of RFC is first powered up at severe deficiency but throttled back to prevent leakage from the cell. Chronic alcoholism leads to reduced expression of RFC in renal cells and thus to reduced recovery of excreted folic acid, resulting in decreased explain folate plasma levels in these patients.

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