Sodium perchlorate

Irenat

H03BC

Colorless and odorless, crystalline solid

Fixed

2.50 g · cm -3 ( anhydrous) 2.02 g · cm -3 ( monohydrate)

Decomposition from 482 ° C ( anhydrous) Decomposition from 130 ° C ( monohydrate)

Slightly soluble in water: 2090 g · l -1 ( 15 ° C)

Risk

-382.75 KJ · mol -1.

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Sodium is the sodium salt of perchloric acid. It has the molecular formula NaClO4.

Production and representation

The industrial production is carried out in so-called Perchloratzellen. It dissolved in water Sodium chlorate is electrolytically oxidized to sodium perchlorate. It can also of sodium chloride are used as starting substance, wherein the cell is operated only as a chlorate and later ( in sufficient concentration of sodium chlorate ) and Perchloratzelle.

Properties

Sodium perchlorate is hygroscopic colorless crystals.

Use

The main purpose of all perchlorate salts is their use as a source of oxygen in solid propellants. However, ammonium is usually used instead of sodium perchlorate, is industrially produced in an ion exchange reaction by reacting the sodium salt with an ammonium salt:

Due to the different solubilities of the salts can be easily separated. The resulting sodium chloride can in turn be used as a starting material for the Perchloratzelle.

Use in medicine

Perchlorate is a monovalent anion, with a similar volume of ion such as iodine and technetium ( about 4 x 10-23 cm3); it competes with these ions on the sodium - iodide symporter. Therefore, sodium perchlorate (trade name Irenat ®) competitively inhibits the uptake of iodine into the thyroid gland and technetium. It has therefore been used previously for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. The only current use of sodium perchlorate is the blockage of the thyroid gland in administration of iodinated contrast media or thyroid common radiopharmaceuticals (123I, 131I, 99mTc), to keep the radiation dose to the thyroid low, unless it is to the thyroid gland itself are presented.

In the context of depletion tests sodium perchlorate is also used for the diagnosis of Iodverwertungsstörungen.

Safety

Sodium perchlorate is oxidizing. In Verunreinung or in mixture with other substances is given causing fire or explosion. In the decomposition, toxic, corrosive fumes are formed.