Solin, Croatia

Solin ( sɔli ː n, Italian Salona ) is a 23,926 inhabitants ( 2011 census ) counting small town in Croatia Split-Dalmatia County. The Latin name is expected to decline similar to other settlements in the area with the suffix - ona on Illyrian names. It is located on the Adriatic coast at the mouth of the river Jadro and borders now directly to the city of Split.

Attractions

  • Ruins of the Roman Forum with the temple and theater
  • Remains of the Roman Porta Caesarea, the city wall
  • Ruins of the amphitheater (2nd century)
  • Remains of the early Christian churches
  • Remains of a Roman and early Christian cemetery ( Manastirine ) and a monastery
  • Branch of the Archaeological Museum Split

History

Solin had a significantly higher importance than the present small town in historic times.

Originally a fortified port city of the Illyrian Delmats, Salona was conquered in the 4th century BC by the Greeks. The city had a strategic location on the river Jadro at the junction between the coast road and a leading over the gorge of Klis inland route.

Julius Caesar rose Salona middle of the 1st century BC to the rank of a Roman colony ( Colonia Martia Julia Salona ) and made it the administrative center of the entire former province of Illyria (later Dalmatia ). By the Roman Emperor Diocletian, who probably even came from Salona, the city received an honorary title the family name of the Emperor: " Valeria ". From 475-480 resided here the last legitimate emperor Julius Nepos Western Roman.

Between the 4th and 6th centuries Salona was an important center of early Christianity, which is confirmed by many archaeological sites. At the height of the development, the city is said to have had about three times the population of the present-day city. End of the 5th century Salona became part of Ostgotenreichs under Theodoric. 535 conquered the Eastern Roman commander Mundus the city of Emperor Justinian.

In the early 7th century Salona was conquered by the Avars and Slavs. No contemporary source reported on the case of the metropolis of Dalmatia. As late as 600, Pope Gregory was in contact with the city to resolve a church dispute. Coin finds and the interpretation of later sources, Salona is likely to have fallen about 611-626. In the year 640/41 prisoners were ransomed from Dalmatia, which speaks more for a later time of the conquest. Then Solin lost its importance to the neighboring city of Split. From about the middle of the 7th century, the population was almost completely removed there.

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