Southern Cameroons

Southern Cameroon ( geographically precise south-west Cameroon ) is a part of Cameroon, who was a British Mandate from 1922 to 1961 by the end of the German colonial rule, while the rest of the country was under French trusteeship. To date, Southern Cameroon is predominantly English-speaking, while the rest of Cameroon 's Francophone. Parts of the population südkamerunischen feel marginalized in the general government of Cameroon and strive for the independence of the territory. You use for Southern Cameroon also the name Ambazonia or Ambazania.

History

Colonial

After Germany had lost the First World War, the German colony of Cameroon as the other German colonies became a League of Nations mandate territory. After the 1911 acquired from France Neukamerun was separated and again fell under French administration, the Mandate of Cameroon was divided among the victorious powers, Britain and France on 28 June 1919. While France gained the larger eastern part, Great Britain slammed a narrow strip of territory in the west to the border with Nigeria as a British Cameroon. British Cameroon was divided into a southern zone (South Cameroons ) and a northern (North Cameroons ).

After the founding of the United Nations in 1945, the mandated territories to the UN Trust Territories were.

Independent Cameroon

On January 1, 1960 France dismissed in accordance with the mandate provisions of French Cameroons to independence. Earlier, the UN General Assembly had adopted Resolution 1350 on 13 March 1959 providing for the referendum in northern and southern British Cameroon to the future of this area. On 11 and 12 January 1961, the British inhabitants of Cameroon were able to vote in a vote between the connection to the adjacent, English Nigeria and autonomy within Cameroon; complete independence was not an option. While chose the northern part of Nigeria, remained the southern part - today's Southern Cameroon - Cameroon at. The awarded autonomy rights Südkameruns but were degraded by the centralist constitution of the entire state rapidly. So made ​​the unification of the education system in French for resentment among the English-speaking Südkamerunern who felt at a disadvantage.

Independence movements

After the Chapter independence disappeared a long time out of the picture, written in 1985 the author Fon Gorji - Dinka Fongum a magazine called The New Social Contract, in which he called for the independence Südkameruns. He was then placed immediately before a military court, however, acquitted there.

In the early 1990s formed a student organization for the Liberation of Ambazonia that was able to record a significant court victory in 2001. A Nigerian court banned the Nigerian government, citizens Ambazonias continue to call " Cameroonian " and called on Cameroon to take steps towards independence from Ambazonia.

In 1999, the non-violent secessionist Southern Cameroons National Organization Council ( SCNC ) independence Ambazonias. 1999 and 2000 there were demonstrations and riots also of secessionists. Since 2004, the SCNC is representative of South Cameroon member of the UNPO. 2006 proclaimed the Southern Cameroons People's Organisation ( SCAPO ) again the independence Ambazonias including the Bakassi Peninsula. All declarations of independence remained without practical implications.

Swell

  • Le Monde diplomatique: No to assimilation - secession in Cameroon
  • Indymedia.de: Ambazonia - A forgotten country in Africa
  • League of Nations mandate
  • Cameroons
  • Region in Africa
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