Spergula

Fünfmänniger Spark ( Spergula pentandra ), illustration

The Spark or Spörgel ( Spergula ) is a plant genus of the Pink Family ( Caryophyllaceae )

Features

The representatives of the genus are mostly annuals or annuals overwintering plants, rarely persistent. The plants are occupied glabrous or with glandular hairs. The stems grow in ascending or decumbent and often are highly branched from the bottom. The leaves are in many-petalled Scheinquirlen. These arise from the fact that on both sides of a node short, leafy side shoots of spring, give the impression of leaf tufts whorls. The leaf blade is linear- subulate, the stipules are small, trockenhäutig to lapse.

The inflorescences are loose, terminal like Asia. The flowers are hermaphroditic, fünfzählig, have a double perianth and are clearly stalked. The flower stem is beaten down after flowering, aimed for fruit ripening again. The sepals are not adherent and green with a rather broad white skin edge. The petals are entire, and white. There are 5 to 10 stamens, the ovary is (rarely three to ) five petals and has a compartment. Pollination is by insects ( Entomogamie ) or by self-pollination. The latter especially in bad weather when the flowers remain closed.

The capsule is ovoid or nearly spherical and jumps with (rarely three to ) five flaps. The seeds are often winged. The flowers are usually homogam, proterogyn rare. The spread of seeds carried by the wind ( Anemochorie ).

System

The genus is placed in the subfamily Paronychioideae, Tribe Polycarpeae within the family Caryophyllaceae. In the genus there are in Europe and the Mediterranean six types:

  • Acker - Spark ( Spergula arvensis L.)
  • Spergula fallax ( Lowe ) E. H. L. Krause; it is found in southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East
  • Fünfmänniger Spark ( Spergula pentandra L.)
  • Spring Spark ( Spergula morisonii Boreau )
  • Spergula seminulifera ( Hy) Maire
  • Spergula viscosa Lag; with two subspecies, both of which occur in northern Spain: Spergula viscosa subsp. pourretii M.Laínz
  • Spetgula viscosa subsp. viscosa.

The genus name Spergula was transferred Linnaeus from the vorlinnéischen name of Sperula arvensis, " Alsine Spergula dicta major " on the species.

Documents

  • Siegmund Seybold (ed.): Schmeil Fitschen - interactive ( CD -Rom ), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6
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