Sphingobacteriales

The Sphingobacteriales are an order of bacteria. She is the only order of the class Sphingobacteriia and consists of three families: Chitinophagaceae, Saprospiraceae and Sphingobacteriaceae.

Appearance

The Gram test is negative. Some species are motile by gliding. They are rod-shaped. The colonies are often colored yellow. An important feature of Sphingobacteriaceae are sphingolipids, namely ceramides, and sphingophospholipids. The sphingolipids they differ greatly from most other bacteria, because most bacteria do not Sphingophospholipids. Sphingolipids species contain include, for example to the family Sphingomonadaceae, provided to the Proteobacteria, and some species of Bacteroides, important inhabitants of the human intestine that count as well as the Sphingobacteriaceae to the Bacteroidetes.

Metabolism

All species are chemo- organotroph. The majority of the species is aerobic, anaerobic and some optional. The menaquinone is MK type 7

Occurrence

The occurrence of Sphingobacterales is very versatile. Representatives of Saprospiraceae were found in freshwater and seawater. Types of Sphingobacteraceae come inter alia in front of compost and soil. Some species are found worldwide, including: Pedobacter was found in the tropics, mountains and kaltern regions. The type Chitinophaga skermanii the Chitinophagaceae was isolated from the feces of the centipede Arthrosphaera magna, Chitinophaga Japonensis from the ground and Chitinophaga pinensis in the scattering of a pine.

System

The order of the Sphingobacteriales was created on the basis of 16S rRNA sequences. It consists of three families:

• Chitinophagaceae P. fighters et al. 2011
• Saprospiraceae Krieg et al. 2012
• Sphingobacteriaceae P. L. Steyn et al. 1998