Srem District

Syrmia ( Serbian: Sremski okrug or Сремски округ, Croat. Srijemski okrug, Hungarian Szerémségi Körzet, Slovak:. Sriemski okres, rum. Districtul Srem ) is a local government district and extends in the northern part of Serbia. It comprises the eastern, belonging to Serbia part of the landscape Syrmia and is bordered to the west by the Croatian Vukovar- Syrmia. Syrmia forms Backa and Banat, the three historical regions of the autonomous province of Vojvodina.

It consists of the following municipalities:

• Sid
• Inđija
• Sremska Mitrovica
• Irig
• Ruma
• Stara Pazova
• Pećinci

Population

This district has, according to the 2002 census, a population of 335 204. The main administrative center is the city of Sremska Mitrovica.

The national membership is made up of Serbs ( 84.51 %), Croats ( 3.13% ), Slovaks (2.78 %), Yugoslavs (1.52 %), Hungary (1.26 %) and other ethnic groups.

History

The name of the region originates from the Roman Sirmium, today Sremska Mitrovica in Serbia. Sirmium was one of the most important cities of the Roman Balkans, seat of the province of Pannonia inferior and at times imperial residence under Galerius. After the collapse of the Roman Empire and the immigration of Slavic tribes in the 7th century fought Avars, Bulgars and Byzantines for the possession of this fertile region. In the 10th century the region was completely under the domination of Byzantium, and this established the administrative district of Srem.

Between the 11th and 12th centuries Syrmia between Byzantium and Hungary was contested. From the 13th century to about 1521 Hungary prevailed in Srem, then the Ottomans to 1698th With the advance of the Ottomans established a Serbian wave of immigration from the altserbischen countries that came under Ottoman rule. 1471, the Serbian Despotate was founded in Srem under Matthias Corvinus, which lasted until about 1540.

1699 won the Austrian Habsburgs, the region of the Ottomans. The Empire of Austria was to rule in Syrmia until 1918. The Habsburgs placed the greater part of Syrmia the military border and settled as in the Banat and Backa in the in several places, among others Danube Swabians to. At the time of Austria-Hungary ( ie from 1867 and the dissolution of the Military Frontier 1881) Vukovar seat of the county was Szerém ( Hungarian " Szerém Vármegye ").

From 1918 Syrmia belonged to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. 1941-1944 it was affiliated with the Ustasha Croatia. 1945 determined by Syrmia the boundaries between the Yugoslav republics of Croatia and Serbia. With the disintegration of Yugoslavia, these limits were to international borders. The belonging to Serbia part of Syrmia is the district " Srem ", which deals with this article.

Culture

The Serbian Orthodox monasteries on the mountain in Fruska Gora National Park are the most important cultural heritage of the region. The two oldest monasteries are the Grgeteg Monastery ( 1471 ) and the Jazak Monastery ( 1522).

The most historically valuable murals are located in Krušedol Monastery. The monastery was completed in 1514 and was considered the foundation of the Bishop Maksim Brankovic and his mother Angelina. Furthermore, also the Novo Hopovo Monastery is an important landmark is from the 16th century. The exact year of construction of the monastery is unknown. What is known is the restoration in 1765.

In Karlovci (which indeed is one of Syrmia, but today a district of Novi Sad ), the first Serbian elementary school ( " Serborum Primum ") was founded in 1791.

Economy

The economic priorities of the district are the pulp and paper factory " Matroz ", the timber company and the " first November " furniture factory.

Largest settlements

(As of 2002 census )