Stachys sylvatica
Forest woundwort ( Stachys sylvatica)
The forest - Betony ( Stachys sylvatica ) is a plant of the genus Zieste ( Stachys ) in the mint family ( Lamiaceae).
Description
Vegetative characteristics
When forest woundwort is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches the stature heights between 30 and 120 cm. All parts of the plant smell unpleasant when they grates. The flower smells in the pile pleasant lilac -like. The branched stem is erect or slightly curved and hairy glandular at the four edges.
The against-constant leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade, hairy upstanding and of bright, bold green. The thin petiole is 3 to 6.5 cm long. The broad and deep down heart-shaped leaf blade is 8-12 cm long and 5 to 9.5 cm wide. The leaf margins are toothed.
Generative features
The flowers are in 10 to 20 cm inflorescences aged men, each to mostly sixth ( fourth to tenth ) in Scheinquirlen summarized between foliage leaf-like bracts that are getting smaller towards the top. There are a maximum of tiny bracts present. The flower stalks are about 1 mm long. The flowers are usually dark red or burgundy, or at least almost always significantly darker than similar Marsh Woundwort. However, violet or pink color variants occur. On the lower lip usually is a striking white drawing. The flowering period extends from June to September.
The Klaus fruits are smooth, egg-shaped and dark brown.
Ecology
The forest woundwort is a stem plant with tuberous roots. His glandular hairs are an unpleasant odor.
The unpleasant smelling flowers are hermaphrodite vormännliche. Pollinators are bees and hoverflies relatives. Spontaneous self-pollination takes place in that stoop to the stigma lobes before fading to the anthers and touching. Bumblebees prepare flowers burglary. The flowering period extends from June to September.
The Klaus fruits are animal - and wind spreader. Fruit ripening begins in August and extends to the onset of winter.
Occurrence
The forest woundwort is widespread in temperate and cooler Europe and Asia.
The forest woundwort grows best on rich and moist places in forests, especially in mixed deciduous forests on Mull. You can find him but also on forest edges or away from the forest in bushes or in shaded roadsides.
Others
When forest woundwort are malformations of the flowers, especially Vergrünungen, not rare. Often this is done by infestation of parasites. Furthermore, there are forms with white to yellowish crown, representing probably anthozyanfreie individuals. As a further deviation Stachys sylvatica var is the variety tomentosa mentioned. This is characterized by a dense, yellowish, felt-like pubescence of the upper shoot parts. In many cases, the leaves are much smaller than in the typical form. This variety is known from Bavaria and Austria (Styria ).