Star (sailboat)
The star (or German: Star boat, Eng. Starboat ) is an open two-man keelboat class as a unit and the oldest boat class that is used as a racing yacht at the Olympic Games. The star is a regatta boat for the demanding and athletic sailors, so it pulls in this boat class again and again the top sailors from around the world ( Dennis Conner, Russell Coutts, Paul Elvstrøm, Mark Reynolds, Torben Grael, Iain Percy, and others).
History
The star was designed in 1910 as an open two-man keelboat by William Gardner and Francis Sweisguth. A year later, in 1911, an international association was founded, which organizes the World Cup for Star - boats almost every year since 1922. In 1932 the star was selected as an Olympic boat class. He was thus the first unit class of boat that was sailed in the Olympics.
1968, the star was, however, replaced for the first time by a different class of boat, the Tempest. After the 1976 Olympic Games, the boat got back the Olympic rings. For the 2016 Olympic Games, the star was not re-nominated. However, the organizing Olympic Committee of Brazil could nominate another discipline and opted for the Star boat. In return, all associated costs must be borne by the organizer.
The long Olympic history explains the international dissemination of discerning boat class. Since 1911, the International Star Class Yacht Racing Association represents the interests of the Association as a global star class. It is divided into two " hemispheres ", South and North, and these both divided into 21 " districts " which are in turn ( for example, 23 in Germany ) can be subdivided into " fleets ". Southern Germany owned jointly with Austria, Belarus Croatia, Czech Republic, Georgia, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia, Russia and Ukraine for District 17 North Germany, together with the UK, Benelux and Denmark for the 13th District. The Hamburg fleet was founded in 1931, the youngest fleet in Germany, Bremer fleet of 1995.
By December 2011, a total 8472 starlings were built.
Hull
Permissible materials for the hard-chine hull is wood, polyester and epoxy resin. Meanwhile, however, the wood has been almost completely replaced in the field of racing yachts and is only found in older hulls.
The body has a slightly curved transverse flat bottom, which is bent in the longitudinal direction. This results in a relatively short stem, which is already above the water line. The tail has a slightly positive levels ( Plattgattheck ).
The building plans are available for everyone from the Central Office of ISCYRA in Chicago.
Rig, rigging, sails
This simple rig makes the star on the water almost unmistakable appearance. In addition to the standing mast far forward, especially in comparison with the fuselage large mainsail area catches the eye. On a boat length of 6.92 m of main boom has a length of approximately 4.5 m and extends slightly above the rear addition; the mainsail has an area of about 20 m². With the jib along the star contributes more than 27 m² sail area.
Unlike most modern regatta classes of the Star has, in addition jib and mainsail Spinnaker or gennaker no. The star is still a complex to a sailing boat as a variety of trim options allow the rig to adjust the requirements accordingly.
Regattas: International Master
A special feature of the Star class is that you can recognize the nautical emblems with whom one has to do it. The world champion of the class have the right, instead of the red class sign a five -pointed star in gold, winner of a continental or hemispheres Championship one to bring in silver, district champion one in blue and the winner of a novice district championship the star in green. Olympic champion will receive a gold star, which is above the Olympic rings. It is considered very bad manners to point the sailmaker sure to attach the corresponding colored star if this does not do it by itself. World Championship titles are within the class more appreciated as an Olympic victories.
Olympic Summer Games
The Summer Olympic Games in 1940 and 1944 did not take place because of the Second World War.
For the sailing competitions in the summer of 1976 on Lake Ontario in Canada, the Star keelboat by the Tempest has been replaced. At the meeting of the International Sailing Federation on May 7, 2011, the Star boat was removed from the Olympic program again in 2016.
World Championships
This list only those world championships are listed,
- Where no Olympic Games were held,
- Or the star was not allowed at the Olympic Games,
- Or access to the Olympic Games was significantly limited.
All participants in the World Championships of the 1920s and during the Second World War came from North America. The world champion of 1984 from Brazil took part in the Olympic Games in the same year.