Stepan Krasheninnikov
Stepan Petrovich Krasheninnikov (Russian Степан Петрович Крашенинников, scientific transliteration Stepan Petrovich Krašeninnikov; * 31 Oktoberjul / November 11 1711greg in Moscow, .. .. † 25 Februarjul / March 8 1755greg in Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian explorer and geographer. He created in the early 18th century, the first full description of Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia.
Life
Krasheninnikov 1711 was born the son of a soldier of the bodyguard of the Russian Tsar. From 1724 to 1732 he studied at the Slavic - Greek - Latin Academy in Moscow and learned in that time the Greek and Latin language. There, the famous Russian scientist Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov was his schoolmate. He continued his education at the University of Saint Petersburg and studied physics, geography and science.
From 1733 to 1736 he took as a student at the Great Northern Expedition (also: Second Kamchatka Expedition ) part, a large-scale, long-term research expedition to Siberia, which was carried out on the initiative of Peter the Great.
From 1737 to 1741 Krasheninnikov traveled on the initiative of the German scientist Johann Georg Gmelin Siberia and Gerhard Friedrich Müller to Kamchatka.
Upon his return to Moscow, he created detailed illustrations of plants and animals of Siberia. He also described the language and culture of the indigenous peoples of the Itelmens and Koryak. These descriptions were only published after his death.
Some time after the sighting his materials and his research in preparation for the release of his two -volume work describing the land Kamchatka died Krasheninnikov suddenly on February 25, 1755 in Saint Petersburg.
Works
- Описание земли Камчатки, St. Petersburg, 1755, Volume 1 and Volume 2 available online as a digitized version of the Lower Saxony State and University Library Göttingen ( appeared in 1764 in an English translation by James Grieve as The history of Kamchatka and the Kurilski Islands with the countries Adjacent)
Honors
- According to him, the 1,856 m high volcano Krasheninnikov is named in Kamchatka.
- As a ceremony, the plant genus Krascheninnikovia ( Horn Report ) has been named after him.